Effects of evolutionary changes in prey use on the relationship between food web complexity and stability
Effects of evolutionary changes in prey use on the relationship between food web complexity and stability
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/s10144-010-0212-y
复制
发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Wakako Yamaguchi;M. Kondoh;M. Kawata
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wakako Yamaguchi;M. Kondoh;M. Kawata
食物网的复杂性和稳定性之间的关系一直是生态学中长期争论的主题。尽管如Kondoh(Science 299：1388-1391,2003)所报道的那样，通过适应性觅食行为在食物网结构上的快速变化可以使复杂的食物网保持稳定，但这种适应背后的确切机制在以前的研究中没有具体说明；因此，这种预测对真实生态系统的适用性仍然不清楚。适应性觅食的一种机制是遗传决定的猎物使用的进化变化。我们构建了基于个体的捕食者使用猎物的进化模型，假设有明确的种群遗传学过程，并研究了这种进化如何影响食物网的稳定性(即持续存在的物种比例)，以及食物网的复杂性是否增加了捕食者-捕食者系统的稳定性。分析表明，食物网的稳定性随着复杂性的增加而降低，而与捕食者使用猎物的进化无关。进化对稳定性的影响因对猎物使用的遗传控制的假设而有所不同。物种灭绝的可能性与捕食者进化过程中营养相互作用的建立或丧失有关，表明食物网的结构变化与群落稳定性之间存在明显的联系。
The relationship between food web complexity and stability has been the subject of a long-standing debate in ecology. Although rapid changes in the food web structure through adaptive foraging behavior can confer stability to complex food webs, as reported by Kondoh (Science 299:1388–1391, 2003), the exact mechanisms behind this adaptation have not been specified in previous studies; thus, the applicability of such predictions to real ecosystems remains unclear. One mechanism of adaptive foraging is evolutionary change in genetically determined prey use. We constructed individual-based models of evolution of prey use by predators assuming explicit population genetics processes, and examined how this evolution affects the stability (i.e., the proportion of species that persist) of the food web and whether the complexity of the food web increased the stability of the prey–predator system. The analysis showed that the stability of food webs decreased with increasing complexity regardless of evolution of prey use by predators. The effects of evolution on stability differed depending on the assumptions made regarding genetic control of prey use. The probabilities of species extinctions were associated with the establishment or loss of trophic interactions via evolution of the predator, indicating a clear link between structural changes in the food web and community stability.