Prolactin-related and metabolic adverse effects of atypical antipsychotic agents
Prolactin-related and metabolic adverse effects of atypical antipsychotic agents
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DOI：
10.4088/jcp.0208e04
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Doraiswamy, P. Murali
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Henderson, David C.;Doraiswamy, P. Murali
虽然临床医生有许多有效的抗精神病药物可用于治疗精神分裂症或双相躁狂，但抗精神病药物相关的催乳素相关和代谢不良反应的发生可能会降低治疗的有效性。与某些抗精神病药物相关的催乳素水平升高（高催乳素血症）会增加性副作用的风险。其他抗精神病药物引起的食欲增加和/或镇静（活动水平降低）可能导致体重增加、血脂异常和高血压，如果不加以控制，最终会导致心血管疾病、糖尿病和代谢综合征。临床医生应采取措施帮助患者避免与使用抗精神病药物相关的不必要风险。这些步骤包括通过仔细记录患者病史以及患者体重和血液化学的基线测量来监测发生这些疾病的风险因素。应让患者意识到潜在的代谢和催乳素相关副作用，还应定期检查以观察体重、体重指数、腰围、血压、空腹血糖或血脂水平的变化，这些变化可能有害并可能增加心血管疾病的风险。
While there are many effective antipsychotics available to clinicians for treating schizophrenia or bipolar mania, the onset of antipsychotic-associated prolactin-related and metabolic adverse effects can diminish the effectiveness of treatment. Increased levels of prolactin (hyperprolactinemia) associated with some antipsychotics raises the risk of sexual side effects. The increased appetite and/or sedation (reduced activity levels) induced by other antipsychotics can lead to weight gain, dyslipidemia, and high blood pressure and, if unchecked, ultimately to cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. Clinicians should take steps to help their patients avoid unnecessary risks associated with antipsychotic use. These steps include monitoring risk factors for developing these illnesses by taking careful patient histories and baseline measurements of patients' weight and blood chemistry. Patients should be made aware of potential metabolic and prolactin-related side effects, and periodic checks should also be made to watch for changes in weight, body mass index, waist size, blood pressure, fasting glucose, or lipid levels that could be harmful and may increase risk for cardiovascular disease.