A Review on the Biodistribution, Pharmacokinetics and Toxicity of Bismuth-Based Nanomaterials.
A Review on the Biodistribution, Pharmacokinetics and Toxicity of Bismuth-Based Nanomaterials.
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DOI：
10.2147/ijn.s250001
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
8
通讯作者：
Tayebi L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Badrigilan S;Heydarpanahi F;Choupani J;Jaymand M;Samadian H;Hoseini-Ghahfarokhi M;Webster TJ;Tayebi L
在这里，铋基纳米材料（Bi基NM）被引入作为有前途的治疗诊断剂，以增强图像对比度以及许多疾病的治疗增益。然而，了解这种新开发的纳米颗粒（NP）在生物环境中的相互作用是将任何有前途的药物从实验室工作台转化为临床的必要条件。这种相互作用描绘了NP在体内循环后的命运。在理想的情况下，基于纳米的治疗剂应该通过肾清除途径消除，同时它应该具有对患病器官的特异性靶向，以达到有效剂量并克服脱靶。由于其清除途径、生物分布模式和药代动力学（PK），已经发现基于Bi的NM在通过临床批准方面起决定性作用，并且迄今为止已经在体内对其进行了广泛的研究。本文就铋系纳米材料对细胞和器官的毒性作用、生物分布、药代动力学和清除途径等方面进行了综述。已经在体外和体内发现了Bi基纳米材料的低细胞毒性，并且沿着它们在动物模型中的长期生物分布和适当的肾清除率，Bi基纳米材料作为有用的新型治疗诊断剂向临床的转化有希望改善许多医学应用。
Here, bismuth-based nanomaterials (Bi-based NMs) are introduced as promising theranostic agents to enhance image contrast as well as for the therapeutic gain for numerous diseases. However, understanding the interaction of such novel developed nanoparticles (NPs) within a biological environment is a requisite for the translation of any promising agent from the lab bench to the clinic. This interaction delineates the fate of NPs after circulation in the body. In an ideal setting, a nano-based therapeutic agent should be eliminated via the renal clearance pathway, meanwhile it should have specific targeting to a diseased organ to reach an effective dose and also to overcome off-targeting. Due to their clearance pathway, biodistribution patterns and pharmacokinetics (PK), Bi-based NMs have been found to play a determinative role to pass clinical approval and they have been investigated extensively in vivo to date. In this review, we expansively discuss the possible toxicity induced by Bi-based NMs on cells or organs, as well as biodistribution profiles, PK and the clearance pathways in animal models. A low cytotoxicity of Bi-based NMs has been found in vitro and in vivo, and along with their long-term biodistribution and proper renal clearance in animal models, the translation of Bi-based NMs to the clinic as a useful novel theranostic agent is promising to improve numerous medical applications.