The role of mitochondria in osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells.
The role of mitochondria in osteogenic, adipogenic and chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells.
复制标题
线粒体在间充质干细胞成骨、脂肪形成和软骨形成分化中的作用
DOI：
10.1007/s13238-017-0385-7
复制
发表时间：
2017-06
期刊：
影响因子：
21.1
通讯作者：
Guan MX
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li Q;Gao Z;Chen Y;Guan MX
间充质干细胞（Mesenchymal stem cells，MSCs）是结缔组织的祖细胞，具有沿着多种细胞类型分化的潜能，已成为组织工程的重要工具。近年来，越来越多的证据表明，线粒体动力学和功能的调节对于MSC的成功分化至关重要。在本文中，我们回顾并提供一个综合的观点线粒体在MSC分化的作用。在MSC中，线粒体维持在相对低的活性水平，并且在诱导时，线粒体DNA拷贝数、呼吸酶的蛋白质水平、耗氧速率、线粒体生物发生相关基因的mRNA水平和细胞内ATP含量增加。线粒体活性氧水平的调节不仅影响分化，而且有助于决定分化的方向。了解线粒体动力学在MSC分化过程中的作用，将有助于通过调整生化特性（如干细胞的能量产生或氧化还原状态）优化分化方案，并最终有利于再生医学中新药理学策略的开发。
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are progenitors of connective tissues, which have emerged as important tools for tissue engineering due to their differentiation potential along various cell types. In recent years, accumulating evidence has suggested that the regulation of mitochondria dynamics and function is essential for successful differentiation of MSCs. In this paper, we review and provide an integrated view on the role of mitochondria in MSC differentiation. The mitochondria are maintained at a relatively low activity level in MSCs, and upon induction, mtDNA copy number, protein levels of respiratory enzymes, the oxygen consumption rate, mRNA levels of mitochondrial biogenesis-associated genes, and intracellular ATP content are increased. The regulated level of mitochondrial ROS is found not only to influence differentiation but also to contribute to the direction determination of differentiation. Understanding the roles of mitochondrial dynamics during MSC differentiation will facilitate the optimization of differentiation protocols by adjusting biochemical properties, such as energy production or the redox status of stem cells, and ultimately, benefit the development of new pharmacologic strategies in regenerative medicine.