Innovation and constraint leading to complex multicellularity in the Ascomycota.
Innovation and constraint leading to complex multicellularity in the Ascomycota.
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DOI：
10.1038/ncomms14444
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发表时间：
2017-02-08
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Jedd G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nguyen TA;Cissé OH;Yun Wong J;Zheng P;Hewitt D;Nowrousian M;Stajich JE;Jedd G
复杂多细胞性（CM）的出现是动物、植物和真菌进化中的一个关键事件。在真菌子囊菌门中，CM基于菌丝丝，并出现在盘菌亚门中。Neolecta属定义了一个谜：Neolecta在遗传学上被放置在一个主要包含酵母的相关组中，然而却拥有Pezizomycotina样的CM。在这里，我们序列的Neolecta irregularis基因组和确定CM相关的功能，通过寻找保守的基因Neolecta和盘菌亚门，这是不存在的或分歧的芽殖或分裂酵母。这组1,050个基因富含与不同内膜系统及其组织相关的功能。值得注意的是，大多数显示出两种酵母的分歧。利用功能基因组学，我们确定了新的基因参与真菌复合。总之，这些数据表明，基本的多细胞性深深植根于子囊菌门。简化和限制期间广泛的平行基因分歧导致CM表明了一个确定性过程，其中细胞组织的共享模式选择类似配置的细胞器和运输相关机器。真菌子囊菌门为研究复杂多细胞生物的进化提供了模式门。在这里，作者将联合收割机基因组测序与比较和功能基因组学相结合，以识别与真菌复杂性的获得和丧失相关的多种内膜相关机制。
The advent of complex multicellularity (CM) was a pivotal event in the evolution of animals, plants and fungi. In the fungal Ascomycota, CM is based on hyphal filaments and arose in the Pezizomycotina. The genus Neolecta defines an enigma: phylogenetically placed in a related group containing mostly yeasts, Neolecta nevertheless possesses Pezizomycotina-like CM. Here we sequence the Neolecta irregularis genome and identify CM-associated functions by searching for genes conserved in Neolecta and the Pezizomycotina, which are absent or divergent in budding or fission yeasts. This group of 1,050 genes is enriched for functions related to diverse endomembrane systems and their organization. Remarkably, most show evidence for divergence in both yeasts. Using functional genomics, we identify new genes involved in fungal complexification. Together, these data show that rudimentary multicellularity is deeply rooted in the Ascomycota. Extensive parallel gene divergence during simplification and constraint leading to CM suggest a deterministic process where shared modes of cellular organization select for similarly configured organelle- and transport-related machineries. The fungal Ascomycota provide a model phylum to investigate the evolution of complex multicellularity. Here, the authors combine genome sequencing with comparative and functional genomics to identify diverse endomembrane related machineries associated with the gain and loss of fungal complexity.