Feeling Better About Self After Receiving Negative Feedback: When the Sense That Ability Can Be Improved Is Activated
Feeling Better About Self After Receiving Negative Feedback: When the Sense That Ability Can Be Improved Is Activated
复制标题
收到负面反馈后自我感觉更好：当能力可以提高的感觉被激活时
DOI：
10.1080/00223980.2015.1004299
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Baowei Tian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xinyi Hu;Yinghe Chen;Baowei Tian
摘要过去的研究表明，管理者和教育工作者经常认为负面反馈是一种激励个人思考自己的缺点和改进工作的动力，但提供负面反馈并不总是能达到预期的效果。本研究以增量理论为基础，采用干预的方法激活负反馈后某项能力可以提高的信念。三个实验检验了负性自我相关情绪的干预效果。研究一表明，传达提高能力的建议减少了负反馈后的消极自我相关情绪。研究二检验了激活能力可能提高的感觉是否能减少消极自我相关情绪。结果表明，激活的信念，能力可以提高减少失败后的负面自我相关情绪，但单独提供情绪管理信息并没有产生同样的效果。研究3通过肯定参与者在做测试时所做的努力来扩展结果，发现肯定减少了消极的自我相关情绪。总体而言，研究结果表明，关注未来能力可以提高的信念可以减少负反馈后的消极自我相关情绪。
ABSTRACT Past studies suggest that managers and educators often consider negative feedback as a motivator for individuals to think about their shortcomings and improve their work, but delivering negative feedback does not always achieve desired results. The present study, based on incremental theory, employed an intervention method to activate the belief that a particular ability could be improved after negative feedback. Three experiments tested the intervention effect on negative self-relevant emotion. Study 1 indicated conveying suggestions for improving ability reduced negative self-relevant emotion after negative feedback. Study 2 tested whether activating the sense of possible improvement in the ability could reduce negative self-relevant emotion. Results indicated activating the belief that ability could be improved reduced negative self-relevant emotion after failure, but delivering emotion management information alone did not yield the same effect. Study 3 extended the results by affirming the effort participants made in doing the test, and found the affirmation reduced negative self-relevant emotion. Collectively, the findings indicated focusing on the belief that the ability could be improved in the future can reduce negative self-relevant emotion after negative feedback.