Toxoplasmosis among pregnant women in France: Risk factors and change of prevalence between 1995 and 2003
Toxoplasmosis among pregnant women in France: Risk factors and change of prevalence between 1995 and 2003
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DOI：
10.1016/j.respe.2009.03.006
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发表时间：
2009-08-01
影响因子：
0.9
通讯作者：
Desenclos, J. -C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Berger, F.;Goulet, V.;Desenclos, J. -C.
背景- 先天性弓形虫病可能影响任何器官，产生严重的并发症，如脑积水，并导致眼部病变，可能在出生后较晚出现。胎儿结局可能是致命的。在怀孕期间，母亲可能会被感染，特别是通过吃未煮熟的肉或未经清洗的生水果和蔬菜。在法国，先天性弓形虫病的预防是基于一系列血清学检测，重复进行，直到分娩的孕妇谁保持阴性，然后在第一次产前检查。- 我们使用1995年和2003年进行的全国围产期调查期间收集的弓形虫病血清学数据来估计弓形虫病的患病率，评估危险因素并确定患病率的时间趋势。在每次调查中，收集了所有在给定的一周内终止妊娠的孕妇的社会经济变量以及弓形虫病的血清学状态。- 2003年，纳入了15 108名孕妇;弓形虫感染率为43.8%（95%可信区间：43.0-44.6）。患病率随着年龄的增长而增加，居住在法国西南部、大巴黎地区和海外地区的人患病率更高。与1995年一样，2003年的流行率随着教育水平、家庭职业状况和怀孕次数的增加而增加。1995年至2003年，流行率下降了19%。年龄小于30岁的孕妇的下降幅度明显大于年龄大于或等于30岁的孕妇。- 虽然随着时间的推移，弓形虫病在法国的流行率有所下降，但仍然高于其他欧洲国家。在法国，每两名妇女中就有一人以上易感染弓形虫，因此必须促进采取预防措施，避免怀孕期间感染弓形虫。(C)2009年Elsevier Masson SAS。All rights reserved.
Background. - Congenital toxoplasmosis may affect any organ, produce severe complications such as hydrocephalus and lead to ocular lesions which can appear late after birth. Fetal outcome can be fatal. During pregnancy, the mother can become infected, particularly by eating undercooked meat or poorly washed raw fruits and vegetables. In France, prevention of congenital toxoplasmosis is based on serial serology tests, performed repeatedly until delivery for pregnant women who remain negative then at the first prenatal visit.Methods. - We used toxoplasmosis serology data collected during national perinatal surveys conducted in 1995 and 2003 to estimate toxoplasmosis prevalence, assess risk factors and ascertain time trends in prevalence. In each survey, socioeconomic variables as well as the serological status for toxoplamosis were collected for all pregnant women who had terminated a pregnancy during a given week period.Results. - In 2003, 15,108 pregnant women were included; the prevalence of Toxoplasma infection was 43.8% (95% CI: 43.0-44.6). Prevalence increased with age and was greater for those who lived in the Southwest of France, the greater Paris area and in overseas districts. In 2003, as in 1995, prevalence increased with education level, occupational status of the household and number of pregnancies. Prevalence decreased 19% between 1995 and 2003. The decrease was significantly greater for pregnant women aged less than 30 years than for those aged more or equal to 30 years.Conclusion. - Although it decreased over time, toxoplasmosis prevalence remained higher in France than in other European countries. With more than one out of two women in France susceptible of having Toxoplasma infection, it is important to promote preventive measures to avoid infection during pregnancy. (C) 2009 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.