Coronavirus (COVID-19) in the United Kingdom: A personality-based perspective on concerns and intention to self-isolate
Coronavirus (COVID-19) in the United Kingdom: A personality-based perspective on concerns and intention to self-isolate
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DOI：
10.1111/bjhp.12423
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发表时间：
2020-04-29
影响因子：
7.9
通讯作者：
Corr, Philip J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bacon, Alison M.;Corr, Philip J.
目标为了遏制冠状病毒（COVID-19）的传播，有必要改变公众行为。基于强化敏感性理论（Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory，简称ESTA）的框架，本研究提出了一个检查的个体差异，在一些相关的心理factors.DesignCross-sectional psychometric.MethodsUK受访者（N = 202）完成了一个人格问卷（RST-PQ），疾病态度的措施，对冠状病毒的影响的关注卫生服务和社会经济基础设施，个人安全，和可能性的自愿self-isolation. ResultsResponses最关心的是老年人，有消极的疾病态度，并得分较高的奖励反应（RR），表明动机采取积极的做法，尽管普遍担心/焦虑的行动。对个人安全的担忧在那些有消极疾病态度和较高的战斗-飞行-冻结系统（FFFS，反映恐惧/回避）分数的人中最高。结果表明，人们正在经历心理冲突：在保持安全的冲动（FFFF相关）和维持正常，愉快的生活（RR相关）的愿望之间。缓解冲突的方式可能包括适应不良行为（恐慌性购买），反映了与奖励有关的流离失所活动。有意的自我隔离与FFFS有关，但也有低行为抑制系统（与焦虑有关）评分。老年人报告自己不太可能自我isolate.ConclusionsInterventions需要考虑在行为改变的心理因素的个体差异，我们讨论相关文献，以告知政策制定者和communicators.Statement的贡献什么是已经知道这个问题。强化敏感性理论（Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory，缩写为SEH）的人格系统可以影响人们对说服性健康信息的感知。然而，关于其对健康问题和行为的直接影响的证据有限，并且与特定的传染病无关。这项研究补充了什么？奖励反应（RR）与冠状病毒对NHS和其他社会基础设施的影响有关，表明尽管担心/焦虑，仍有采取积极行动的动机。（FFFS，反映恐惧/回避）。与FFFS相关的有意自我隔离，但也有低行为抑制系统（与焦虑有关）分数。老年人报告自己不太可能自我孤立。结果表明心理冲突：缓解冲突的方式可能包括适应不良行为（恐慌性购买），反映了与奖励相关的位移活动
ObjectivesPublic behaviour change is necessary to contain the spread of coronavirus (COVID-19). Based on the reinforcement sensitivity theory (RST) framework, this study presents an examination of individual differences in some relevant psychological factors.DesignCross-sectional psychometric.MethodsUK respondents (N = 202) completed a personality questionnaire (RST-PQ), measures of illness attitudes, concerns about the impact of coronavirus on health services and socio-economic infrastructures, personal safety, and likelihood of voluntary self-isolation.ResultsRespondents most concerned were older, had negative illness attitudes, and scored higher on reward reactivity (RR), indicating the motivation to take positive approach action despite prevailing worry/anxiety. Personal safety concerns were highest in those with negative illness attitudes and higher fight-flight-freeze system (FFFS, reflecting fear/avoidance) scores. Results suggest people are experiencing psychological conflict: between the urge to stay safe (FFFF-related) and the desire to maintain a normal, pleasurable (RR-related) life. Ways of ameliorating conflict may include maladaptive behaviours (panic buying), reflecting reward-related displacement activity. Intended self-isolation related to FFFS, but also low behavioural inhibition system (related to anxiety) scores. Older people reported themselves less likely to self-isolate.ConclusionsInterventions need to consider individual differences in psychological factors in behaviour change, and we discuss relevant literature to inform policy makers and communicators.Statement of contributionWhat is already known on this subject?Reinforcement sensitivity theory (RST) personality systems can influence perception of persuasive health messages.However, there is limited evidence for their direct effects on health concerns and behaviours, and none relating to specific infectious diseases.What does this study add?Reward reactivity (RR) is associated with concern about impact of coronavirus on the NHS and other social infrastructures, indicating the motivation to take positive-approach action despite worry/anxiety.Personal safety concerns are related to fight-flight-freeze system traits (FFFS, reflecting fear/avoidance).Intended self-isolation related to FFFS, but also low behavioural inhibition system (related to anxiety) scores.Older people reported themselves less likely to self-isolate.Results suggest psychological conflict: between the urge to stay safe (FFFF-related) and the desire to maintain a normal, pleasurable life (RR-related).Ways of ameliorating conflict may include maladaptive behaviours (panic buying), reflecting reward-related displacement activity