Stereocilia morphogenesis and maintenance through regulation of actin stability.
Stereocilia morphogenesis and maintenance through regulation of actin stability.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.semcdb.2016.08.017
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发表时间：
2017-05
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Perrin BJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McGrath J;Roy P;Perrin BJ
立体纤毛是听觉和前庭感觉细胞上基于肌动蛋白的突起，是听力和平衡所必需的。它们将声音、头部运动或重力产生的物理力转换为电信号，这一过程称为机电转换。该功能取决于感觉细胞生长特定长度的静纤毛的能力。这些突起形成具有高精度几何形状的束，这是检测内耳中遇到的纳米级运动所必需的。先天性或进行性静纤毛变性会导致听力损失。因此，了解静纤毛毛束的结构、发育和维持对于了解耳聋的发病机制至关重要。立体纤毛核心由紧密排列的平行交联肌动蛋白丝组成，其长度和稳定性部分由肌球蛋白马达、肌动蛋白交联剂和加帽蛋白调节。本综述旨在描述新兴“尖端周转”模型背景下的静纤毛肌动蛋白调节，其中肌动蛋白在静纤毛尖端组装和分解，而核心的其余部分则异常稳定。
Stereocilia are actin-based protrusions on auditory and vestibular sensory cells that are required for hearing and balance. They convert physical force from sound, head movement or gravity into an electrical signal, a process that is called mechanoelectrical transduction. This function depends on the ability of sensory cells to grow stereocilia of defined lengths. These protrusions form a bundle with a highly precise geometry that is required to detect nanoscale movements encountered in the inner ear. Congenital or progressive stereocilia degeneration causes hearing loss. Thus, understanding stereocilia hair bundle structure, development, and maintenance is pivotal to understanding the pathogenesis of deafness. Stereocilia cores are made from a tightly packed array of parallel, crosslinked actin filaments, the length and stability of which are regulated in part by myosin motors, actin crosslinkers and capping proteins. This review aims to describe stereocilia actin regulation in the context of an emerging “tip turnover” model where actin assembles and disassembles at stereocilia tips while the remainder of the core is exceptionally stable.