Role of basal ganglia in limb movements.
Role of basal ganglia in limb movements.
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发表时间：
1984
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Mahlon R. Delong;Garrett E. Alexander;A. Georgopoulos;M. D. Crutcher;S. Mitchell;R. Richardson
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文献类型：
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作者：
Mahlon R. Delong;Garrett E. Alexander;A. Georgopoulos;M. D. Crutcher;S. Mitchell;R. Richardson
最近的解剖学和生理学研究为基底神经节的功能组织及其在运动中的作用提供了新的线索。基底神经节接受来自整个新皮层的地形组织输入。感觉运动和“联合”皮质的影响似乎仍然分离在基底神经节。隔离平行皮层下回路subserving“电机”和“复杂”的功能的概念进行了讨论。最近在行为灵长类动物的神经生理学研究表明，基底神经节输出在控制运动的方向和幅度中起作用，但并不主要参与肢体运动的启动或特定肌肉的选择。这些研究通常与帕金森病患者的数据一致，这同样表明在步跟踪任务中运动幅度的编程存在缺陷，反应时间或肌肉活动模式几乎没有变化。
Recent anatomic and physiologic studies have shed new light on the functional organization of the basal ganglia and their role in movement. The basal ganglia receive topographically organized input from the entire neocortex. Influences from sensorimotor and "association" cortices appear to remain segregated in the basal ganglia. The concept of segregated parallel subcortical loops subserving "motor" and "complex" functions is discussed. Recent neurophysiologic studies in behaving primates suggest that basal ganglia output plays a role in controlling the direction and amplitude of movement but is not primarily involved in the initiation of limb movement or selection of specific muscles. These studies are generally consistent with data from patients with Parkinson's disease, which likewise indicates a deficit in the programming of movement amplitude in step-tracking tasks, with little or no change in reaction-time or pattern of muscular activity.