Mid-day siesta in natural populations of D. melanogaster from Africa exhibits an altitudinal cline and is regulated by splicing of a thermosensitive intron in the period clock gene.
Mid-day siesta in natural populations of D. melanogaster from Africa exhibits an altitudinal cline and is regulated by splicing of a thermosensitive intron in the period clock gene.
复制标题
来自非洲的D. melanogaster自然种群中的午睡表现出高度的cline，并受热敏感内含子的拼接调节。
DOI：
10.1186/s12862-017-0880-8
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发表时间：
2017-01-23
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Edery I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cao W;Edery I
许多白天活动的动物会在中午“午睡”，这通常被认为是一种适应性反应，目的是在温暖的日子里尽量减少暴露在热量中，这表明在气候较冷的地区，中午午睡可能是动物行为的一个不太突出的特征。黑腹果蝇在中午午睡时表现出热可塑性，这部分是由生物钟关键基因周期（per）的3 '-末端内含子（称为dmpi 8）的热敏剪接控制的。例如，温度的降低会导致更有效的拼接，这越来越有利于中午的活动而不是睡眠。在这项研究中，我们试图确定是否适应D。黑腹果蝇从其在热带非洲低地的祖先范围到在高海拔发现的较冷温度的变化涉及中午睡眠行为和/或DMPI 8剪接效率的变化。使用自然种群的果蝇黑腹果蝇从不同海拔地区在热带非洲，我们表明，苍蝇从高海拔地区有一个减少中午午睡和不巩固的睡眠。我们在每3'非翻译区发现了一个单核苷酸多态性（SNP），它对低海拔和高海拔果蝇的dmpi 8剪接和中午睡眠水平都有很强的影响。有趣的是，与低海拔飞行相比，带有这种SNP特定变体的高海拔飞行表现出更高的dmpi 8剪接效率，这与中午午睡的减少一致。因此，dmpi 8剪接效率的提高似乎在非洲果蝇如何适应高海拔较冷的温度方面发挥了突出但并非普遍的作用。我们的研究结果指出，中午睡眠行为是动物热适应的关键进化目标，并为研究昼夜动物的日间睡眠提供了遗传框架，这些日间睡眠似乎是由与夜间睡眠不同的机制驱动的。本文的在线版本（doi：10.1186/s12862-017-0880-8）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
Many diurnal animals exhibit a mid-day ‘siesta’, generally thought to be an adaptive response aimed at minimizing exposure to heat on warm days, suggesting that in regions with cooler climates mid-day siestas might be a less prominent feature of animal behavior. Drosophila melanogaster exhibits thermal plasticity in its mid-day siesta that is partly governed by the thermosensitive splicing of the 3’-terminal intron (termed dmpi8) from the key circadian clock gene period (per). For example, decreases in temperature lead to progressively more efficient splicing, which increasingly favors activity over sleep during the mid-day. In this study we sought to determine if the adaptation of D. melanogaster from its ancestral range in the lowlands of tropical Africa to the cooler temperatures found at high altitudes involved changes in mid-day sleep behavior and/or dmpi8 splicing efficiency. Using natural populations of Drosophila melanogaster from different altitudes in tropical Africa we show that flies from high elevations have a reduced mid-day siesta and less consolidated sleep. We identified a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the per 3’ untranslated region that has strong effects on dmpi8 splicing and mid-day sleep levels in both low and high altitude flies. Intriguingly, high altitude flies with a particular variant of this SNP exhibit increased dmpi8 splicing efficiency compared to their low altitude counterparts, consistent with reduced mid-day siesta. Thus, a boost in dmpi8 splicing efficiency appears to have played a prominent but not universal role in how African flies adapted to the cooler temperatures at high altitude. Our findings point towards mid-day sleep behavior as a key evolutionary target in the thermal adaptation of animals, and provide a genetic framework for investigating daytime sleep in diurnal animals which appears to be driven by mechanisms distinct from those underlying nighttime sleep. The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12862-017-0880-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.