TOWARDS A NEUROIMAGING BIOMARKER OF DEPRESSION VULNERABILITY
TOWARDS A NEUROIMAGING BIOMARKER OF DEPRESSION VULNERABILITY
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DOI：
10.2478/s13380-011-0033-2
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发表时间：
2011-12-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Anderson, Adam K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Farb, Norman A. S.;Segal, Zindel V.;Anderson, Adam K.
重性抑郁症（MDD）是一种广泛的、使人衰弱的疾病，具有反复发作的病程和慢性预后。虽然有效的治疗MDD存在，有一个迫切需要的特点复发的脆弱性，以设计有效的预防性护理。迄今为止，抑郁症神经影像学研究的异质性使得难以建立一个可靠的疾病易感性生物标志物。在本文中，我们回顾了评估MDD脆弱性的神经影像学证据，从理论上说，目前的研究结果可以广泛区分那些表明抑郁发作的存在和那些表明症状缓解期间MDD脆弱性。我们认为，不像杏仁核过度活跃和前额叶功能减退，观察MDD发作，前额叶功能亢进可能是一个特征的焦虑认知症状缓解期间，表明MDD的脆弱性和复发风险。借鉴目前的研究规范的情绪调节，我们描述了一个潜在的测试MDD的脆弱性，采用情绪挑战范式，诱导认知反应-增加认可的负面自我描述在短暂的烦躁情绪。相对于前额叶功能的规范模型，认知反应性的神经影像学评估可以提供MDD脆弱性的可靠指标，推进生物标志物研究领域以及在个体基础上提供预防性治疗。
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a pervasive and debilitating illness, with a recurrent course and chronic prognosis. Although effective treatments for MDD exist, there is a pressing need to characterize relapse vulnerability in order to design effective prophylactic care. To date, heterogeneity within depression neuroimaging research has made it difficult to establish a reliable biomarker of disorder susceptibility. In this paper, we review neuroimaging evidence for the assessment of MDD vulnerability, theorizing that current findings can be broadly distinguished between those indicating the presence of depressive episodes and those indicating MDD vulnerability during symptom remission. We argue that unlike the amygdala hyperactivity and prefrontal hypoactivity observed during MDD episodes, prefrontal hyperactivity may be a characteristic of dysphoric cognition during symptom remission that indicates MDD vulnerability and relapse risk. Drawing on current research of normative emotion regulation, we describe a potential test of MDD vulnerability, employing emotional challenge paradigms that induce cognitive reactivity - the increased endorsement of negative self-descriptions during a transient dysphoric mood. Relative to a normative model of prefrontal function, the neuroimaging assessment of cognitive reactivity may provide a reliable indicator of MDD vulnerability, advancing the field of biomarker research as well as the delivery of preventative treatment on an individual basis.