CXC chemokines and leukocyte chemotaxis in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)
CXC chemokines and leukocyte chemotaxis in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.)
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DOI：
10.1016/s0145-305x(03)00082-x
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发表时间：
2003-12-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Verburg-van Kemenade, BML
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Huising, MO;Stolte, E;Verburg-van Kemenade, BML
CXC 趋化因子在结构上可通过四个保守的半胱氨酸残基的位置来识别，是重要的趋化介质。在此，我们报道了通过同源克隆获得的一种新型鲤鱼 CXC 趋化因子，并将其与鱼类直系同源基因以及最近阐明的第二种鲤鱼 CXC 趋化因子进行比较。系统发育分析清楚地表明，这两种 CXC 趋化因子都与任何哺乳动物 CXC 趋化因子都不相同。然而，基础表达在前肾和脾脏等免疫器官中最为突出，表明其参与免疫反应。此外，我们还发现，前肾富含吞噬细胞的白细胞悬浮液表达两种趋化因子，并且这种表达通过 PMA（而非脂多糖）短暂（4 小时）刺激而上调。富含中性粒细胞的白细胞对人重组CXCL8（hrCXCL8；白细胞介素8）表现出趋化性，证实了硬骨鱼中CXC趋化因子介导的中性粒细胞的趋化性。鲤鱼吞噬细胞分泌的因子也能够诱导趋化性，并且 PMA 上调这些因子向培养物上清液中的分泌。最后，我们证明了 CXC 趋化因子以及 CXCR1 和 CXCR2 都参与了急性日本鳗鱼感染。总的来说，所提供的数据表明 CXC 趋化因子以与哺乳动物情况相同的方式参与鱼类中性粒细胞的趋化作用。然而，所涉及的 CXC 趋化因子与哺乳动物中涉及中性粒细胞趋化性的趋化因子有很大不同，因此有自己的命名法。 (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. 保留所有权利。
CXC chemokines, structurally recognizable by the position of four conserved cysteine residues, are prominent mediators of chemotaxis. Here we report a novel carp CXC chemokine obtained through homology cloning and compare it with fish orthologues genes and with a second, recently elucidated, carp CXC chemokine. Phylogenetic analyses clearly show that neither CXC chemokine resembles any of the mammalian CXC chemokines in particular. However, basal expression is most prominent in immune organs like anterior kidney and spleen, suggesting involvement in the immune response. Furthermore we show that anterior kidney phagocyte-enriched leukocyte suspensions express both chemokines and that this expression is upregulated by brief (4 h) stimulation with PMA, but not lipopolysaccharide. Neutrophilic granulocyte-enriched leukocytes display chemotaxis to human recombinant CXCL8 (hrCXCL8; interleukin-8), confirming CXC chemokine mediated chemotaxis of neutrophilic granulocytes in teleost fish. Factors secreted from carp phagocytes are also capable of inducing chemotaxis and secretion of these factors into culture supernatants is upregulated by PMA. Finally we demonstrate involvement of both CXC chemokines as well as CXCR1 and CXCR2 in acute Argulus japonicus infection. Collectively the data presented implicate the involvement of CXC chemokines in chemotaxis of fish neutrophils in a fashion that shares characteristics with the mammalian situation. However, the CXC chemokines involved differ enough from those involved in neutrophil chemotaxis in mammals to warrant their own nomenclature. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.