Intakes from non-breastmilk foods for stunted toddlers living in poor urban villages of Phnom Penh, Cambodia, are inadequate
Intakes from non-breastmilk foods for stunted toddlers living in poor urban villages of Phnom Penh, Cambodia, are inadequate
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1740-8709.2007.00120.x
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发表时间：
2008-04-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Gibson, Rosalind S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anderson, Victoria P.;Cornwall, Janet;Gibson, Rosalind S.
在柬埔寨，用于婴儿喂养的传统大米补充饮食的能量和营养密度非常低。在使用寿命的第一年后，是否适当还不确定。因此，我们研究的喂养方式和能量和营养素摄入量从非母乳食品（NBMFs）的两组：部分母乳喂养（PBF）（n = 41）和非母乳喂养（NBF）（n = 210）发育迟缓的幼儿年龄12-42个月，从贫困的村庄在金边，柬埔寨。从24小时召回和一个专门构建的柬埔寨食物成分表估计NBMF的摄入量。所有幼儿最初都是母乳喂养的，但超过50%的幼儿在6个月大之前接受了辅食（主要是米粥）。许多PBF幼儿接受混合喂养，通常是用瓶装稀释的甜炼乳喂养。反应迟钝的喂养很普遍。不适当的零食，如薯片，是PBF组能量、钙、铁、锌和维生素A的主要来源，NBF组的能量和铁。这些零食通常是在没有任何成年人监督的情况下购买和食用的。对于这两个群体，能量，钙，铁和锌的摄入量始终低于建议，这是由于NBMF的微量营养素密度低和每次喂食的量小。增加动物源食物和深绿色和黄色水果和蔬菜的摄入量将提高微量营养素密度，尽管这可能既不可行，也不足以克服现有的不足。相反，应探讨在柬埔寨幼儿的米饭饮食中添加微量营养素的可行性。
In Cambodia, the energy and nutrient densities of the traditional rice-based complementary diets used for infant feeding are very low. Whether the adequacy improves after the first year of life is uncertain. Therefore, we examined the feeding practices and the energy and nutrient intakes from non-breastmilk foods (NBMFs) of two groups: partially breastfed (PBF) (n = 41) and non-breastfed (NBF) (n = 210) stunted toddlers aged 12-42 months from poor villages in Phnom Penh, Cambodia. Intakes of NBMFs were estimated from 24-h recalls and a specially constructed Cambodian food composition table. All the toddlers were breastfed initially, but more than 50% received complementary foods before 6 months of age (mainly rice porridge). Many PBF toddlers received mixed feeding and were often bottle-fed diluted sweetened condensed milk. Unresponsive feeding was widespread. Inappropriate snacks, such as crisps, were the major source of energy, calcium, iron, zinc and vitamin A from NBMFs for the PBF group, and energy and iron for the NBF group. The snacks were often purchased and consumed without any adult supervision. For both groups, intakes of energy, calcium, iron and zinc were consistently below recommendations, as a result of the low micronutrient density of NBMFs and the small amounts fed per feeding. Increasing intakes of animal-source foods and dark-green and yellow fruits and vegetables would enhance micronutrient densities, although this may be neither feasible nor sufficient to overcome the existing deficits. Instead, the feasibility of micronutrient fortification of the rice-based diets of Cambodian toddlers should be explored.