Salt sensitivity in humans is linked to enhanced sympathetic responsiveness and to enhanced proximal tubular reabsorption.
Salt sensitivity in humans is linked to enhanced sympathetic responsiveness and to enhanced proximal tubular reabsorption.
复制标题
人类的盐敏感性与增强的交感神经反应性和增强的近端肾小管重吸收有关。
DOI：
10.1161/01.hyp.6.2.152
复制
发表时间：
1984
期刊：
影响因子：
8.3
通讯作者：
D. Schönitzer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
F. Skrabal;H. Herholz;M. Neumayr;L. Hamberger;M. Ledochowski;H. Sporer;H. Hörtnagl;S. Schwarz;D. Schönitzer
如果高钠摄入量与高血压的发病机制有关，那么在血压正常的人群中，改变钠摄入量的影响应该是显而易见的。因此，我们调查了52名有和没有高血压家族史的年轻正常血压受试者中度限盐的效果；22名(42%)对中度限盐(200-50 mmol/天)的反应超过2周，连续自动血压记录显示血压显著下降。因此，这些受试者被归类为盐敏性受试者，其余受试者为耐盐性受试者。与耐盐受试者相比，盐敏感受试者有高血压阳性家族史的发生率是耐盐受试者的2.5倍(p<0.01)，在通常的高钠饮食中，血压显著升高，唾液钠浓度显著降低。尽管在红细胞的Na，K-ATPase活性和Na-K共转运方面没有差异，但盐敏感的受试者对注射去甲肾上腺素的升压反应是耐盐受试者的两倍，这与近端肾小管钠重吸收增强的间接证据有关。在通常的高钠饮食中，40%的正常人群可能对盐敏感，容易患上高血压。儿茶酚胺过敏(遗传决定？)可能是导致盐敏感的原因。唾液中的低钠浓度值得进一步研究，作为识别盐敏感对象的简单筛查试验。
If high sodium intake is involved in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension, the effects of changing the sodium intake should be demonstrable in the susceptible part of the normotensive population. Therefore, we have investigated the effects of moderate salt restriction in 52 young normotensive subjects with and without a family history of hypertension; 22 (42%) responded to moderate salt restriction (200 to 50 mmol/day) over 2 weeks, with a significant fall in blood pressure shown by continuous automatic blood pressure recordings. Accordingly, these subjects were classified as salt-sensitive, and the remainder as salt-resistant. Compared to salt-resistant subjects, salt-sensitive subjects showed a 2.5-fold higher incidence of a positive family history of hypertension (p less than 0.01), and a significantly higher blood pressure and lower salivary sodium concentration during the usual high sodium diet. Although there were no differences in Na,K-ATPase activity and in Na-K cotransport of erythrocytes, the pressor response to infused norepinephrine in salt-sensitive subjects was double that of salt-resistant subjects independent of the diet and this was linked to indirect evidence for enhanced proximal tubular sodium reabsorption. On the usual high sodium diet, 40% of the normal population may be salt-sensitive and prone to develop hypertension. Hypersensitivity to catecholamines (genetically determined?) may be the cause of salt sensitivity. A low sodium concentration in saliva deserves further study as a simple screening test to identify salt-sensitive subjects.