Twelve-month mental disorders in South Africa: prevalence, service use and demographic correlates in the population-based South African Stress and Health Study
Twelve-month mental disorders in South Africa: prevalence, service use and demographic correlates in the population-based South African Stress and Health Study
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DOI：
10.1017/s0033291707001420
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发表时间：
2008-02-01
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Kessler, R. C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Williams, D. R.;Herman, A.;Kessler, R. C.
背景南非的历史和目前的社会状况表明，精神障碍可能是疾病负担的主要贡献者，但还没有使用标准化评估工具的全国性研究。南非压力与健康研究是2002年1月至2004年6月期间作为世卫组织世界精神卫生调查倡议的一部分对4351名成年人（年龄≥ 18岁）进行的具有全国代表性的面对面精神病学流行病学调查。使用WHO复合国际诊断访谈（CIDI 3.0）3.0版评估DSM-IV疾病的10个月患病率和严重程度、治疗和社会人口学相关性。任何DSM-IV/CIDI疾病的12个月患病率为16.5%，其中26.2%的受访者被归类为严重病例，另外31.1%被归类为中度严重病例。最常见的障碍是广场恐怖症（4.8%）、重度抑郁症（4.9%）和酒精滥用或依赖（4.5%）。28%患有严重或中度严重疾病的成年人接受了治疗，而轻度病例为24.4%。约13.8%的无疾病者接受了治疗。治疗主要由普通医疗部门提供，很少有人接受精神卫生提供者的治疗。南非的精神疾病比尼日利亚高得多，严重和中度精神疾病患者的需求未得到满足的程度很高。
Background. South Africa's history and current social conditions suggest that mental disorders are likely to be a major contributor to disease burden, but there has been no national study using standardized assessment tools.Method. The South African Stress and Health Study was a nationally representative in-person psychiatric epidemiological survey of 4351 adults (aged >= 18 years) that was conducted as part of the WHO World Mental Health (WMH) Survey Initiative between January 2002 and June 2004. Twelve-month prevalence and severity of DSM-IV disorders, treatment, and sociodemographic correlates were assessed with Version 3.0 of the WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI 3.0).Results. The 12-month prevalence of any DSM-IV/CIDI disorder was 16.5 %, with 26.2 % of respondents with disorder classified as severe cases and an additional 31.1 % as moderately severe cases. The most common disorders were agoraphobia (4.8 %), major depressive disorder (4.9 %) and alcohol abuse or dependence (4.5 %). Twenty-eight percent of adults with a severe or moderately severe disorder received treatment compared to 24.4 % of mild cases. Some 13.8 % of persons with no disorder received treatment. Treatment was mostly provided by the general medical sector with few people receiving treatment from mental health providers.Conclusions. Psychiatric disorders are much higher in South Africa than in Nigeria and there is a high level of unmet need among persons with severe and moderately severe disorders.