The athlete's heart.
The athlete's heart.
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运动员的心。
DOI：
10.1093/eurheartj/3.suppl_a.193
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发表时间：
1982
影响因子：
39.3
通讯作者：
R. Rost
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Rost
运动训练引起的心脏肥大是一种正常的生理反应。没有证据表明这种心脏增大是病理性的，通常心脏重量不超过500克左右的“临界心脏重量”，这似乎是生理性肥大的极限。运动员中发生的Tkc型心脏增大通常在胸部x线片上很明显，并且经常伴有各种各样的心电图改变，有时会产生诊断困难。尽管一些作者使用超声心动图描述了参加体力和耐力比赛的运动员心脏肥厚的不同模式，但我们的结果并不能证实这一点。我们发现耐力运动员的肥厚程度更大，左心室腔尺寸和壁厚明显增大。相比之下，体力运动员往往拥有巨大的体重，他们的心脏大小只是随着体重的增加而增加。我们对童年开始参加比赛的运动员的研究表明，他们甚至可能在青春期之前就发育出运动员的心脏。对这些孩子的长期研究，跟踪他们进入青春期，表明这种训练的最终结果是心脏大小与童年后开始训练的运动员相似。因此，没有证据表明儿童即使在很小的时候就开始强化训练，也会出现心脏增生和肥大。
Cardiac hypertrophy due to athletic training is a normal physiological response. There is no evidence that such cardiac enlargement is in any way pathological, and generally the heart weight does not exceed the ‘critical heart weight’ of approximately 500 g, which seems to be the limit for physiological hypertrophy. Tkc cardiac enlargement that occurs in athletes ix often obvious on the chest X-ray and is frequently accompanied by a wide variety of ECG changes that may, on occasions, produce diagnostic difficulties. Although some authors, using echocardiography, have described different patterns of cardiac hypertrophy in athletes undertaking physical force and endurance events, our results do not bear this out. We found the greater degree of hypertrophy in endurance athletes, who show marked enlargement of left ventricular cavity dimensions and wall thickness. In contrast, physical force athletes, who often have enormous body mass, simply have an increase in heart size commensurate with their increase in body mass. Our studies in athletes who begin competition in childhood show that they may also develop an athlete's heart even before puberty. Long-term studies of such children, following them into adolescence, suggests that the end result of such training is a heart size similar to athletes who begin training after childhood. Therefore, there is no evidence that children can develop cardiac hyperplasia as well as hypertrophy even when intensive training is begun at a very young age.