Immunology of viral respiratory tract infection in infancy.
Immunology of viral respiratory tract infection in infancy.
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DOI：
10.1016/s1526-0542(03)00033-2
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发表时间：
2003-06-01
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Williams, John V
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Crowe, James E Jr;Williams, John V
呼吸道病毒，如呼吸道合胞病毒（RSV）、副流感病毒（PIV）和流感病毒，在世界各地的婴儿和儿童中引起严重的下呼吸道疾病。我们讨论2001年首次报道的人偏肺病毒的流行病学重要性的最新发现。目前正在研制针对每一种病毒的实验性减毒活疫苗，以便在出生后的最初几周或几个月内经鼻给药。这些人类感染的免疫学定义不清，但许多研究正在进行中。婴儿在生命早期成功接种呼吸道病毒相关疾病的一个重大障碍可能是非常年幼的婴儿对原发性病毒感染的免疫反应相对较差。本文综述了预防这些病毒引起的疾病的免疫相关因素，婴儿对自然获得性感染或候选疫苗病毒实验感染的免疫反应以及对严重疾病易感性的遗传学。
Respiratory viruses such as respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), parainfluenza viruses (PIV) and the influenza viruses cause severe lower respiratory tract disease in infants and children throughout the world. We discuss the recent discovery of the epidemiologic importance of the human metapneumoviruses, first reported in 2001. Experimental live-attenuated vaccines for each of these viruses are being developed for intranasal administration in the first weeks or months of life. The immunology of these infections in humans is poorly defined but many studies are ongoing. A significant obstacle to successful immunisation of infants against respiratory-virus-associated disease early in life may be the relatively poor immune response of very young infants to primary virus infection. This paper reviews the immune correlates of protection against disease caused by these viruses, immune responses of infants to naturally acquired infection or experimental infection with candidate vaccine viruses and the genetics of susceptibility to severe disease.