PRE-STEREOPTIC BINOCULAR VISION IN INFANTS
PRE-STEREOPTIC BINOCULAR VISION IN INFANTS
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DOI：
10.1016/0042-6989(86)90193-8
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发表时间：
1986-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
HELD, R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
SHIMOJO, S;BAUER, J;HELD, R
在优先观看实验中，在两个屏幕中的一个屏幕上，两只眼睛都看到了相同的图案（垂直条纹），而在另一个屏幕上，两只眼睛看到了正交图案（一只眼睛看到垂直条纹，另一只眼睛看到水平条纹）。大多数小于3.5个月的婴儿最初表现出对二元（眼间正交）模式的偏好。然而，在平均3.5个月大的时候，他们的偏好突然从这种模式转变为眼间相同的模式。在大多数情况下，从偏好一种刺激到另一种刺激的完全转变（两者在统计上都很显著）发生在几周内。偏好转变的开始年龄与先前研究中发现的融合-竞争歧视的开始年龄一致（Birch et al., 1985）。从两个控制实验的结果判断，对双正交图案的最初偏好可能被解释为对网格（眼间紧急交叉点）优于光栅的偏好。这些数据表明，前立体视觉系统非选择性地结合来自两只眼睛的信息，而不考虑边缘方向，因为它在双眼视觉处理的相对早期阶段失去了眼睛的原始信息。因此，前立体视系统不具备眼间抑制能力。本文讨论了这些新发现的理论和临床意义，并建立了眼分离和双眼通路皮层发育的神经元模型。
In a preferential looking experiment, identical patterns (vertical stripes) were presented to both eyes on one of two screens while orthogonal patterns (vertical stripes in one eye and horizontal stripes in the other) were presented on the other screen. Most infants younger than 3.5 months of age originally showed a preference for the dichoptic (interocularly orthogonal) pattern. At an average age of 3.5 months, however, they showed a sudden shift of preference from this pattern to the interocularly identical pattern. The full shift from a preference for one stimulus to the other (both statistically significant) occurred within a few weeks in most cases. The onset age of the shift in preference agreed with the onset age of fusion-rivalry discrimination found in a previous study (Birch et al., 1985). The original preference for the bincularly orthogonal patterns may be interpreted as a preference for a grid (interocularly emergent intersections) over a grating, judging from results of two control experiments. These data suggest that the pre-stereoptic system non-selectively combines information from the two eyes without regard to edge orientation because it loses eye-of-origin information at a relatively early stage of binocular visual processing. Thus, the pre-stereoptic system does not have the capability of interocular suppression. The theoretical and clinical significance of the new findings are discussed along with a neuronal model of cortical development of ocular segregation and binocular pathways.