A software tool for modification of human voxel models used for application in radiation protection
A software tool for modification of human voxel models used for application in radiation protection
复制标题
DOI：
10.1088/0031-9155/52/9/n01
复制
发表时间：
2007-05-07
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Petoussi-Henss, Nina
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Becker, Janine;Zankl, Maria;Petoussi-Henss, Nina
本说明描述了一种称为“体积变化”的新软件工具，该工具被开发用于修改虚拟人体体素模型的器官的质量和位置。体素模型是以排列在切片、行和列中的标识号阵列的形式的人体的三维表示。该阵列中的每个条目表示一个体素;器官由具有相同标识号的那些体素表示。使用此工具，调整两个人体体素模型，以适应由国际辐射防护委员会（ICRP）定义的男性和女性成年人的参考器官质量。现有体素模型的修改是一个复杂的过程，导致许多问题需要解决。为了以简单的方式解决这些复杂问题，开发了一种新的软件工具，并在这里介绍。如果器官被修改，则没有一点组织（即体素）可能消失，也不应该出现额外的组织。这意味着器官不能在不考虑邻近组织的情况下进行修改。因此，器官修改的原理是基于将体素从一个器官/组织重新分配到另一个器官/组织;实际上删除和添加体素仅在外表面（即皮肤）处是可能的。在这里描述的软件工具中，修改是通过半自动程序完成的，但包括人工控制。由于问题的复杂性，技术人员必须验证对器官施加的改变在解剖学上是合理的。设计了一个图形用户界面，以满足舒适的工作过程的目的，并开发了适当的图形显示修改后的体素模型。单个器官、器官复合体甚至整个肢体都可以在体积、形状和位置方面进行编辑。
This note describes a new software tool called 'Volume Change' that was developed to modify the masses and location of organs of virtual human voxel models. A voxel model is a three-dimensional representation of the human body in the form of an array of identification numbers that are arranged in slices, rows and columns. Each entry in this array represents a voxel; organs are represented by those voxels having the same identification number. With this tool, two human voxel models were adjusted to fit the reference organ masses of a male and a female adult, as defined by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). The alteration of an already existing voxel model is a complicated process, leading to many problems that have to be solved. To solve those intricacies in an easy way, a new software tool was developed and is presented here. If the organs are modified, no bit of tissue, i.e. voxel, may vanish nor should an extra one appear. That means that organs cannot be modified without considering the neighbouring tissue. Thus, the principle of organ modification is based on the reassignment of voxels from one organ/ tissue to another; actually deleting and adding voxels is only possible at the external surface, i.e. skin. In the software tool described here, the modifications are done by semi-automatic routines but including human control. Because of the complexity of the matter, a skilled person has to validate that the applied changes to organs are anatomically reasonable. A graphical user interface was designed to fulfil the purpose of a comfortable working process, and an adequate graphical display of the modified voxel model was developed. Single organs, organ complexes and even whole limbs can be edited with respect to volume, shape and location.