Hydrologic effects of frozen soils in the upper Mississippi River basin
Hydrologic effects of frozen soils in the upper Mississippi River basin
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DOI：
10.1029/1999jd900337
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发表时间：
1999-08-27
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Lettenmaier, DP
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cherkauer, KA;Lettenmaier, DP
通过加入冻土和能量平衡、积雪和消融等算法，对变入渗量(VIC)大尺度水文模型进行了改进，以提高其在寒冷地区的应用性能。冻土渗透率是通过求解土柱中的热通量来确定的。对入渗和径流响应参数进行了修改，以反映土壤的模拟冰含量。修订后的模型使用明尼苏达大学罗斯蒙特农业实验站的点数据进行了测试，随后应用于密西西比河上游流域的两个子流域。点试验表明，该模型能够再现积雪、土壤液态水含量和冻融锋面深度的观测结果。两个子流域的模拟流量比较表明，冻土算法减少了冬春季融化过程中的入渗，增加了径流的快速响应。然而，以密西西比州上游的两个次盆地测试的规模来看，径流响应增加的幅度相对较小。
The variable infiltration capacity (VIC) macroscale hydrologic model was modified to improve its performance in cold regions by adding frozen soil and energy balance snow accumulation and ablation algorithms. Frozen soil penetration was determined by solving thermal fluxes through the soil column. Infiltration and runoff response parameterizations were modified to reflect the simulated ice content of the soil. The revised model was tested using point data from the University of Minnesota Rosemount Agricultural Experiment Station and subsequently applied to two subcatchments in the upper Mississippi River basin. The point tests showed that the model was able to reproduce observations of the snowpack, soil liquid water content, and freezing and thawing front depths. Comparisons of simulated discharge from the two subbasins showed that the frozen soil algorithm reduced infiltration during winter and spring thaws and increased rapid runoff response. However, the magnitude of the increased runoff response is relatively modest, at the scale of the two upper Mississippi subbasins tested.