Intracloacal Inoculation, an Effective Screening Method for Determining the Efficacy of Probiotic Bacterial Isolates against Campylobacter Colonization in Broiler Chickens
Intracloacal Inoculation, an Effective Screening Method for Determining the Efficacy of Probiotic Bacterial Isolates against Campylobacter Colonization in Broiler Chickens
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DOI：
10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-14-326
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发表时间：
2015-01-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Donoghue, D. J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Arsi, K.;Donoghue, A. M.;Donoghue, D. J.
弯曲杆菌是全世界食源性疾病的主要原因。它在家禽中很常见，人类感染通常与食用受污染的家禽产品有关。减少家禽中弯曲杆菌定植的一种策略是使用口服益生菌，但这会产生不同的结果，可能是因为益生菌在胃的酸性环境中被破坏。对分离株的保护（例如，封装）可以克服这个问题，但不能保证这些分离株在下胃肠道中有效。因此，通过泄殖腔接种直接将候选分离株放入下肠道来筛选候选分离株可以消除封装无效分离株的时间和费用。因此，本研究的目的是在体外收集具有抗弯曲杆菌活性的细菌分离株，并评估其口服或泄殖腔内给药后的体内功效。从健康鸟类中收集细菌分离株，并评估其体外对抗空肠弯曲菌的功效。在第一天对小鸡进行口服或泄殖腔内接种后，对通常被认为是安全状态并表现出体外抗弯曲杆菌特性的分离株进行了评估（每种给药途径每个分离株 10 只鸡）。第7天，通过口服管饲法给家禽注射含有至少1 x 10(7) CFU/ml生物体的野生型弯曲杆菌的四种菌株混合物。第14天，对家禽实施安乐死，并无菌收集盲肠用于弯曲杆菌计数。当口服给药时，只有一种分离株的盲肠弯曲杆菌计数减少了 1 个对数级，而当泄殖腔内给药时，其中 6 个分离株使 14 日龄鸡的盲肠弯曲杆菌计数减少了 1 到 3 个对数级。这些结果支持了在将分离株封装用于口服给药之前通过泄殖腔接种来评估潜在益生菌分离株功效的策略。
Campylobacter is a leading cause of foodborne illness worldwide. It is common in poultry, and human infections are often associated with consumption of contaminated poultry products. One strategy to reduce Campylobacter colonization in poultry is the use of oral probiotics, but this produces variable results, possibly because the probiotics are destroyed in the stomach's acidic environment. Protection (e.g., encapsulation) of isolates may overcome this problem, but there is no assurance that these isolates will have efficacy in the lower gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, screening candidate isolates by directly placing them in the lower intestinal tract via cloacal inoculation may eliminate the time and expense of encapsulating ineffective isolates. Thus, the purpose of this study was to collect bacterial isolates with anti-Campylobacter activity in vitro and evaluate their efficacy in vivo upon either oral or intracloacal administration. Bacterial isolates were collected from healthy birds and were evaluated for efficacy against C. jejuni in vitro. Isolates having generally regarded as safe status and demonstrating in vitro anti-Campylobacter properties were evaluated after oral or intracloacal inoculation into chicks on day 1 (n = 10 birds per isolate per route of administration). On day 7, birds were dosed by oral gavage with a four-strain mixture of wild-type Campylobacter containing at least 1 x 10(7) CFU/ml organisms. On day 14, birds were euthanized and the ceca were collected aseptically for Campylobacter enumeration. When dosed orally, only one isolate had a 1-log reduction in cecal Campylobacter counts, whereas when administered intracloacally, six of these isolates produced a 1- to 3-log reduction in cecal Campylobacter counts in 14-day-old chickens. These results support the strategy of evaluating the efficacy of potential probiotic isolates via cloacal inoculation prior to undergoing the effort of encapsulating isolates for oral administration.