Operation of a free-electron laser from the extreme ultraviolet to the water window
Operation of a free-electron laser from the extreme ultraviolet to the water window
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DOI：
10.1038/nphoton.2007.76
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发表时间：
2007-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
35
通讯作者：
Zapfe, K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ackermann, W.;Asova, G.;Zapfe, K.
我们报告了在 13.7 nm 波长下工作的自由电子激光器的性能结果，其中测量了相干极紫外辐射源前所未有的峰值和平均功率。在饱和状态下，单个脉冲的峰值能量接近170μJ，每个脉冲的平均能量达到70mJ。脉冲持续时间约为 10 fs，峰值功率达到 10 GW。在每秒 700 个脉冲的脉冲重复频率下，平均极紫外功率达到 20 mW。输出光束还包含奇次谐波的显着贡献，分别为 3 次 (4.6 nm) 和 5 次 (2.75 nm) 谐波约 0.6% 和 0.03%。在 2.75 nm 处，辐射的五次谐波深入水窗，这个波长范围对于生物样品的研究至关重要。
We report results on the performance of a free-electron laser operating at a wavelength of 13.7 nm where unprecedented peak and average powers for a coherent extreme-ultraviolet radiation source have been measured. In the saturation regime, the peak energy approached 170 mu J for individual pulses, and the average energy per pulse reached 70 mJ. The pulse duration was in the region of 10 fs, and peak powers of 10 GW were achieved. At a pulse repetition frequency of 700 pulses per second, the average extreme-ultraviolet power reached 20 mW. The output beam also contained a significant contribution from odd harmonics of approximately 0.6% and 0.03% for the 3rd (4.6 nm) and the 5th (2.75 nm) harmonics, respectively. At 2.75 nm the 5th harmonic of the radiation reaches deep into the water window, a wavelength range that is crucially important for the investigation of biological samples.