The empathic brain and its dysfunction in psychiatric populations: implications for intervention across different clinical conditions.
The empathic brain and its dysfunction in psychiatric populations: implications for intervention across different clinical conditions.
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DOI：
10.1186/1751-0759-1-22
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发表时间：
2007-11-16
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Moriguchi Y
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Decety J;Moriguchi Y
移情是精神病学、心理治疗和临床心理学的核心概念。共情的构建不仅包括对他人实际或推断的情绪状态的情感体验，还包括对他人情绪状态的一些最小的认识和理解。从社会心理学、认知神经科学和临床神经心理学等多个层面分析，提出了一种基于并行和分布式计算机制的自下而上和自上而下信息处理的共情模型。结合临床情况，探讨该模型的预测效度。由于许多精神疾病与移情缺陷甚至缺乏有关，我们讨论了有限数量的这些疾病，包括精神病/反社会人格障碍，边缘型和自恋型人格障碍，自闭症谱系障碍和述情障碍。我们认为，未来对共情障碍的临床研究只有在行为、性格和生物学因素相结合的情况下才能提供信息。
Empathy is a concept central to psychiatry, psychotherapy and clinical psychology. The construct of empathy involves not only the affective experience of the other person's actual or inferred emotional state but also some minimal recognition and understanding of another's emotional state. It is proposed, in the light of multiple levels of analysis including social psychology, cognitive neuroscience and clinical neuropsychology, a model of empathy that involves both bottom-up and top-down information processing underpinned by parallel and distributed computational mechanisms. The predictive validity of this model is explored with reference to clinical conditions. As many psychiatric conditions are associated with deficits or even lack of empathy, we discuss a limited number of these disorders including psychopathy/antisocial personality disorders, borderline and narcissistic personality disorders, autistic spectrum disorders, and alexithymia. We argue that future clinical investigations of empathy disorders can only be informative if behavioral, dispositional and biological factors are combined.