The effect of target properties on crater morphology: Comparison of central peak craters on the Moon and Ganymede

The effect of target properties on crater morphology: Comparison of central peak craters on the Moon and Ganymede
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目标特性对陨石坑形态的影响:月球和木卫三中央峰陨石坑的比较

DOI:
10.1111/j.1945-5100.2008.tb00656.x
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发表时间:
2010
影响因子:
2.2
通讯作者:
BRAY V
BRAY V
中科院分区:
地球科学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
BRAY V

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我们检查了月球和木卫三中央峰陨石坑的形态,以研究这些天体近地表特性的差异。我们使用伽利略图像提取了木卫三陨石坑的地形剖面,并使用这些数据来编制缩放趋势。月球和木卫三陨石坑的比较表明,陨石坑深度、壁坡度和中心隆起量都受到材料特性的影响。我们观察到木卫三黑暗和明亮地形中相似大小的陨石坑之间没有重大差异,这表明黑暗地形不包含足够的硅酸盐物质来显着增加表面冰的强度。在陨石坑直径约 12 公里以下,木卫三上的中央峰陨石坑和月球上的简单陨石坑具有相似的边缘高度,表明边缘塌陷的程度相当。这表明,木卫三上陨石坑直径比月球更小的中心峰的形成主要是由于中央底板隆起增强而不是边缘塌陷。月球和木卫三上的陨石坑壁坡度趋势相似,表明随着陨石坑尺寸的增加,物质弱化也有类似的趋势,并且可能撞击过程中的弱化机制在冰冷和岩石目标中是类似的。我们运行了一套数值模型来模拟木卫三和月球上中央峰陨石坑的形成。我们的建模表明,相同类型的强度模型可以应用于冰和岩石,并且材料之间的强度模型参数没有显着差异。
We examine the morphology of central peak craters on the Moon and Ganymede in order to investigate differences in the near‐surface properties of these bodies. We have extracted topographic profiles across craters on Ganymede using Galileo images, and use these data to compile scaling trends. Comparisons between lunar and Ganymede craters show that crater depth, wall slope and amount of central uplift are all affected by material properties. We observe no major differences between similar‐sized craters in the dark and bright terrain of Ganymede, suggesting that dark terrain does not contain enough silicate material to significantly increase the strength of the surface ice. Below crater diameters of ˜12 km, central peak craters on Ganymede and simple craters on the Moon have similar rim heights, indicating comparable amounts of rim collapse. This suggests that the formation of central peaks at smaller crater diameters on Ganymede than the Moon is dominated by enhanced central floor uplift rather than rim collapse. Crater wall slope trends are similar on the Moon and Ganymede, indicating that there is a similar trend in material weakening with increasing crater size, and possibly that the mechanism of weakening during impact is analogous in icy and rocky targets. We have run a suite of numerical models to simulate the formation of central peak craters on Ganymede and the Moon. Our modeling shows that the same styles of strength model can be applied to ice and rock, and that the strength model parameters do not differ significantly between materials.
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