Game Theoretic Approach for Secure and Efficient Heavy-Duty Smart Contracts
Game Theoretic Approach for Secure and Efficient Heavy-Duty Smart Contracts
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DOI：
10.1109/cns48642.2020.9162290
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发表时间：
2020-06
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Pinglan Liu;Wensheng Zhang
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Pinglan Liu;Wensheng Zhang
以太坊等区块链系统中的智能合约通常由所有节点执行或验证，因此对于繁重的计算来说效率低下。本文通过提出、实施和评估基于博弈论方法的实用且有效的解决方案来解决这一限制。该解决方案定义了重型智能合约（HDSC）的模板；仅招募少量执行者来执行繁重的任务；采用博弈论方案来强制经济理性的执行者单独或集体正确地执行执行。我们进行了广泛的博弈论分析，以证明即使面对执行者之间的串通，该解决方案的安全性和计算效率也是如此。作为概念证明，所提出的解决方案已经实施和实验，以证明其实用性以及与以太坊的兼容性。
Smart contracts in the blockchain systems such as Ethereum are usually executed or verified by all nodes, and thus inefficient for heavy-duty computation. This paper addresses the limitation by proposing, implementing, and evaluating a practical and efficient solution based on a game theoretic approach. The solution defines a template of heavy-duty smart contract (HDSC); recruits only a small number of executors to execute heavy-duty tasks; employs a game theoretic scheme to enforce economically-rational executors to individually or collectively perform the execution correctly. Extensive game theoretic analysis has been conducted to show the security and computational efficiency of the solution even in face of collusion among the executors. As a proof of concept, the proposed solution has been implemented and experimented to demonstrate its practicality and compatibility with Ethereum.