Video observation of surface exploration in cyprids of Balanus amphitrite: the movements of antennular sensory setae
Video observation of surface exploration in cyprids of Balanus amphitrite: the movements of antennular sensory setae
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DOI：
10.1080/08927014.2011.555534
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发表时间：
2011-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Hoeg, Jens T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Maruzzo, Diego;Conlan, Sheelagh;Hoeg, Jens T.
利用摄像显微镜观察两栖水蚤触角刚毛在附着前的探索行为中的活动。此外，扫描电子显微镜被用来提供该种的所有触角刚毛的修订描述。这些视频描述了在表面勘探过程中，特定的SETA是否接触到了底层，以及它可以覆盖的区域。在第四节，羽状的末端刚毛A和B从不与底物接触，缺乏末端气孔，并认为它们感受到了水动力。类似美感的末端刚毛D同样在水中始终保持自由，据推测它能感觉到溶解的物质，但由于它含有一个眼球杆状突起，它一定也有机械感受器的功能。在第二、第三和第四节上的所有剩余的触角刚毛都有一个顶孔，并被认为是具有化学和机械感受性的双峰受体。这些刚毛也时不时地与底物接触，可能除了小的轴前刚毛2和顶生刚毛C。在试探性的步骤中，第一个与表面接触的刚毛是径向刚毛5，它比所有其他径向刚毛都长。第二节和第三节上的所有其他刚毛只有在一个步骤完成后才会接触。当附着盘接触到表面时(=一个步骤完成)，长而弯曲的后刚毛2(在第二节上)和第三节上的后刚毛3都弯曲到天线的两侧。这种横向位移确保了这两个刚毛可以接触到附件两侧的大面积表面积。第四节上的四个亚端毛在步骤完成之前和之后立即接触表面，节段的持续闪烁显著增加了由这些化学感受器和末端毛E测试的表面积，末端毛E可以从附着盘横向扫到60m。第四个片段的闪烁也可能有助于稀释第四个片段上的化学感受器的边界层，例如美容酶样的末端刚毛D，从而有助于检测新的刺激。
Video microscopy of cyprids of Balanus amphitrite was used to monitor the action of antennular setae during the exploratory behaviour prior to attachment. In addition, SEM was used to provide a revised description of all antennular setae for that species. The videos describe if a particular seta touches the substratum and the area it can cover during surface exploration. On the fourth segment, the plumose terminal setae A and B are never in contact with the substratum, lack a terminal pore and it is argued that they sense hydrodynamic forces. The aesthetasc-like terminal seta D is likewise held free in the water at all times and it is speculated that it senses dissolved substances, but, since it contains a scolopale rod, it must also have a mechano-receptive function. All remaining antennular setae on the second, third and fourth segments have a terminal pore and it is argued that these are bimodal receptors with both chemo- and mechano-receptive modalities. These setae are also at one time or another in contact with the substratum, except perhaps for the small preaxial seta 2 and terminal seta C. The first seta to contact the surface during a tentative step is radial seta 5, which is longer than all other radial setae. All other setae on the second and third segment are only in contact after a step is completed. When the attachment disc touches the surface (=a step completed) the long and curved postaxial seta 2 (on the second segment) and postaxial seta 3 on the third segment are both flexed to either side of the antennule. This lateral displacement ensures that these two setae can touch large surface areas to either side of the appendage. The four subterminal setae on the fourth segment contact the surface both immediately before and after a step has been completed, and the constant flicking of the segment significantly increases the surface area tested by both these chemoreceptors and by terminal seta E, which can sweep up to 60 m laterally from the attachment disc. The flicking of the fourth segment may also serve to dilute the boundary layer of chemoreceptors on the fourth segment such as the aesthetasc-like terminal seta D and thus facilitate the detection of new stimuli.