Indoor air pollution and its impact on children under five years old in Bangladesh
Indoor air pollution and its impact on children under five years old in Bangladesh
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1600-0668.2007.00477.x
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发表时间：
2007-08-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Nakajima, T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Khalequzzaman, M.;Kamijima, M.;Nakajima, T.
对孟加拉国达卡城市贫民窟的49个生物质和46个化石燃料用户的挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）、一氧化碳（CO）、二氧化碳（CO2）、二氧化氮（NO2）和尘埃颗粒的室内空气浓度进行了测量。这些污染物的健康影响进行了评估，分别为65名和51名5岁以下儿童的家庭使用生物质和化石燃料作为主要能源。生物质燃料使用者的CO平均浓度显著较高（P = 0.010），而化石燃料使用者的苯、二甲苯、甲苯、己烷、总VOC和NO2的几何平均浓度显著较高（P < 0.01）。研究发现，眼睛发红、皮肤瘙痒、流涕、咳嗽、呼吸短促、胸闷、喘鸣或啸胸等症状与生物质燃料的选择有关，比值比范围为4.0至6.3。在调整潜在的混杂因素后，没有观察到使用生物质燃料与呼吸道疾病、湿疹、腹泻或病毒性发热的显著相关性。这些结果表明，生物质燃料使用人口和呼吸道症状之间的显着关联。这些症状可能不仅仅是由于污染物，因为可能存在其他潜在原因。
Indoor air concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and dust particles were measured for 49 biomass and 46 fossil fuel users in urban slums of Dhaka, Bangladesh. The health impacts of these pollutants were assessed on 65 and 51 children under five years old from families who use biomass and fossil fuel as main source of energy, respectively. Mean concentrations of CO were found to be significantly higher in biomass fuel users (P = 0.010), while geometric mean concentrations of benzene, xylene, toluene, hexane, total VOCs, and N02 were significantly higher (P < 0.01) in the fossil fuel users. Symptoms such as redness of eyes, itching of skin, nasal discharge, cough, shortness of breath, chest tightness, wheezing, or whistling chest were found to be associated with the choice of biomass fuel, with the odds ratio ranging from 4.0 to 6.3. No significant association of use of biomass fuel with respiratory diseases, eczema, diarrhea, or viral fever was observed after adjustment for potential confounders. These results suggest a significant association between the biomass fuel-using population and respiratory symptoms. These symptoms may not be due to the pollutants only, as some other underlying causes may be present.