National, Regional, State, and Selected Local Area Vaccination Coverage Among Adolescents Aged 13-17 Years - United States, 2017.
National, Regional, State, and Selected Local Area Vaccination Coverage Among Adolescents Aged 13-17 Years - United States, 2017.
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DOI：
10.15585/mmwr.mm6733a1
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发表时间：
2018-08-24
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Stokley S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Walker TY;Elam-Evans LD;Yankey D;Markowitz LE;Williams CL;Mbaeyi SA;Fredua B;Stokley S
免疫实践咨询委员会 (ACIP) 建议 11-12 岁人群常规接种人乳头瘤病毒 (HPV) 疫苗、四价脑膜炎球菌结合疫苗 (MenACWY)、破伤风疫苗、减量白喉类毒素疫苗和无细胞百日咳疫苗 (Tdap)。建议在 16 岁时注射 MenACWY 加强剂量，对于儿童时期疫苗接种未及时接种的青少年 (UTD)，建议补种乙型肝炎疫苗 (HepB)、麻疹、腮腺炎和风疹疫苗 (MMR) 以及水痘疫苗 (VAR)。 ACIP 还建议临床医生可以为 16-23 岁的青少年和年轻人接种 B 血清群脑膜炎球菌疫苗 (MenB) 系列，优选年龄为 16-18 岁。为了估算美国青少年疫苗接种覆盖率，CDC 分析了 2017 年国家青少年免疫调查 (NIS-Teen) 中针对 20,949 名 13-17 岁青少年的数据。* 2016-2017 年期间，≥1 剂 HPV 疫苗（从 60.4% 增至 65.5%）、≥1 剂 MenACWY（从 82.2% 增至 65.5%）、≥1 剂 MenACWY（从 82.2% 增至85.1%），以及≥2剂MenACWY（39.1%至44.3%）。 Tdap 的覆盖率稳定在 88.7%。 2017 年，48.6% 的青少年接种了 HPV 系列疫苗 (HPV UTD)，而 2016 年这一比例为 43.4%。† 按时接种疫苗（13 岁时接受 ≥2 或 ≥3 剂 HPV 疫苗）也有所增加。与 2016 年一样，生活在非大都市统计区 (MSA) 的青少年中 ≥1 剂 HPV 疫苗接种覆盖率 (59.3%) 低于生活在 MSA 主要城市的青少年 (70.1%)。§ 尽管 HPV 疫苗接种起始率仍低于 MenACWY 和 Tdap 的覆盖率，但自 2013 年以来，HPV 疫苗接种覆盖率平均每年增加 5.1 个百分点，这表明针对未接种疫苗的青少年和儿童的持续努力消除错过的疫苗接种机会可能会导致 HPV 疫苗接种覆盖率水平与其他常规推荐的青少年疫苗相当。
The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommends routine vaccination of persons aged 11–12 years with human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine, quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine (MenACWY), and tetanus and reduced diphtheria toxoids and acellular pertussis vaccine (Tdap). A booster dose of MenACWY is recommended at age 16 years, and catch-up vaccination is recommended for hepatitis B vaccine (HepB), measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine (MMR), and varicella vaccine (VAR) for adolescents whose childhood vaccinations are not up to date (UTD). ACIP also recommends that clinicians may administer a serogroup B meningococcal vaccine (MenB) series to adolescents and young adults aged 16–23 years, with a preferred age of 16–18 years. To estimate U.S. adolescent vaccination coverage, CDC analyzed data from the 2017 National Immunization Survey–Teen (NIS-Teen) for 20,949 adolescents aged 13–17 years.* During 2016–2017, coverage increased for ≥1 dose of HPV vaccine (from 60.4% to 65.5%), ≥1 dose of MenACWY (82.2% to 85.1%), and ≥2 doses of MenACWY (39.1% to 44.3%). Coverage with Tdap remained stable at 88.7%. In 2017, 48.6% of adolescents were UTD with the HPV vaccine series (HPV UTD) compared with 43.4% in 2016.† On-time vaccination (receipt of ≥2 or ≥3 doses of HPV vaccine by age 13 years) also increased. As in 2016, ≥1-dose HPV vaccination coverage was lower among adolescents living in nonmetropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) (59.3%) than among those living in MSA principal cities (70.1%).§ Although HPV vaccination initiation remains lower than coverage with MenACWY and Tdap, HPV vaccination coverage has increased an average of 5.1 percentage points annually since 2013, indicating that continued efforts to target unvaccinated teens and eliminate missed vaccination opportunities might lead to HPV vaccination coverage levels comparable to those of other routinely recommended adolescent vaccines.