The Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases
The Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes in Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases
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DOI：
10.1007/s12035-019-01663-0
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发表时间：
2019-12-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Sahebkar, Amirhossein
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gorabi, Armita Mahdavi;Kiaie, Nasim;Sahebkar, Amirhossein
神经系统并发症通常被认为是源于中枢神经系统（CNS）再生潜力有限的不可逆损伤。另一方面，干细胞的再生潜力已在基础研究和临床前研究中进行了评估。间充质干细胞（Mesenchymal stem cells，MSCs）具有自我更新能力、分化可塑性、神经营养特性和免疫调节特性，被认为是治疗多种神经系统疾病的候选细胞来源。外泌体是细胞外囊泡，其可以长距离传递生物信息，从而影响细胞和组织中的正常和异常过程。外泌体的治疗能力取决于细胞的类型以及给定细胞的生理条件。因此，基于CNS的组织类型和生理状况，外泌体可以在该组织中充当病理状况的贡献者或抑制者。当涉及到治疗的观点时，外泌体的最有前途的细胞来源被认为是MSC。这篇综述文章的目的是讨论目前关于干细胞和MSC衍生的外泌体在治疗神经退行性疾病中的潜力的知识。
Neurologic complications are commonly regarded as irreversible impairments that stem from limited potential of regeneration of the central nervous system (CNS). On the other side, the regenerative potential of stem cells has been evaluated in basic research, as well as in preclinical studies. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been regarded as candidate cell sources for therapeutic purposes of various neurological disorders, because of their self-renewal ability, plasticity in differentiation, neurotrophic characteristics, and immunomodulatory properties. Exosomes are extracellular vesicles which can deliver biological information over long distances and thereby influencing normal and abnormal processes in cells and tissues. The therapeutic capacity of exosomes relies on the type of cell, as well as on the physiological condition of a given cell. Therefore, based on tissue type and physiological condition of CNS, exosomes may function as contributors or suppressors of pathological conditions in this tissue. When it comes to the therapeutic viewpoint, the most promising cellular source of exosomes is considered to be MSCs. The aim of this review article is to discuss the current knowledge around the potential of stem cells and MSC-derived exosomes in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.