What are the determinants of food insecurity in New Zealand and does this differ for males and females?
What are the determinants of food insecurity in New Zealand and does this differ for males and females?
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1753-6405.2010.00615.x
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发表时间：
2010-12-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Gorton, Delvina
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Carter, Kristie N.;Lanumata, Tolotea;Gorton, Delvina
目标：粮食不安全是指无法保证获得充足的营养食品。我们旨在调查新西兰粮食不安全的人口和社会经济决定因素，以及这些决定因素在男性和女性之间是否存在差异。方法：我们使用了家庭、收入和就业纵向调查 (SoFIE) (n=18,950) 的数据。如果受访者在过去 12 个月内不得不使用特殊食品补助金或食品银行，被迫购买更便宜的食品来支付其他费用，或者不得不经常缺乏新鲜水果和蔬菜，则他们被归类为粮食不安全。使用逻辑回归分析来调查人口和社会经济因素与粮食不安全的关联。模型按男性和女性重复分层。结果：2004/2005 年，新西兰超过 15% 的 SoFIE 人口面临粮食不安全。女性 (19%) 的粮食不安全发生率远高于男性 (12%)。与男性相比，女性粮食不安全的调整后几率显着更高（OR 1.6，95% CI 1.5-1.8）。在单变量分析中，粮食不安全与单亲、未婚、年轻群体、毛利人和太平洋族裔、较差的自评健康状况、租房、失业和较低的社会经济地位有关。在多变量模型中，收入是粮食不安全的最强预测因素（最低家庭收入五分位数与最高家庭收入五分位数的 OR 4.9，95% CI 4.0-5.9）。在男性和女性中，人口和社会经济因素与粮食不安全的关联相似。结论：粮食不安全是一个及时且相关的问题，因为它影响着大量新西兰人。需要采取有针对性的政策干预措施，以增加家庭可用资金。
Aims: Food insecurity is a lack of assured access to sufficient nutritious food. We aimed to investigate the demographic and socio-economic determinants of food insecurity in New Zealand and whether these determinants vary between males and females.Methods: We used data from the longitudinal Survey of Families, Income and Employment (SoFIE) (n=18,950). Respondents were classified as food insecure if, in the past 12 months, they had to use special food grants or food banks, been forced to buy cheaper food to pay for other things, or had to go without fresh fruit and vegetables often. Logistic regression analyses were used to investigate the association of demographic and socioeconomic factors on food insecurity. Models were repeated stratifying by males and females.Results: More than 15% of the SoFIE population in NZ were food insecure in 2004/05. The prevalence of food insecurity was much greater in females (19%) than males (12%). The adjusted odds of food insecurity was significantly higher in females compared to males (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.5-1.8). In univariate analyses, food insecurity was associated with sole parenthood, unmarried status, younger age groups, Maori and Pacific ethnicity, worse self-rated health status, renting, being unemployed and lower socioeconomic status. Income was the strongest predictor of food insecurity in multivariate modelling (OR 4.9, 95% CI 4.0-5.9 for lowest household income quintile versus highest). The associations of demographic and socioeconomic factors with food insecurity were similar in males and females.Conclusions: Food insecurity is a timely and relevant issue, as it affects a significant number of New Zealanders. Targeted policy interventions aimed at increasing money available in households are needed.