Blood flow to long bones indicates activity metabolism in mammals, reptiles and dinosaurs
Blood flow to long bones indicates activity metabolism in mammals, reptiles and dinosaurs
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2011.0968
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发表时间：
2012-02-07
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Schwarz-Wings, Daniela
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Seymour, Roger S.;Smith, Sarah L.;Schwarz-Wings, Daniela
长骨滋养孔的横截面积与动态骨重建所必需的内部骨细胞的血流需求有关。孔面积增加与身体的大小在生活的哺乳动物和非varanid爬行动物平行，但在哺乳动物中显着较大。哺乳动物通过小孔的血流速度指数比爬行动物高10倍，如果考虑到血压的差异，甚至更高。在哺乳动物和爬行动物中，小孔大小的缩放与运动期间的最大全身代谢率相关性很好，但与静息代谢率相关性较差。这与活动期间和活动后与骨重建相关的血流的作用有关。哺乳动物和蜥蜴类动物比非蜥蜴类爬行动物有更高的有氧代谢率和运动诱导的骨重建。来自五个分类群的10种恐龙的孔面积通常比哺乳动物大，表明它们通常具有高度活跃和有氧的生活方式。这种简单的测量提供了评估其他灭绝和现存脊椎动物群体与体型、行为和栖息地的关系的可能性。
The cross-sectional area of a nutrient foramen of a long bone is related to blood flow requirements of the internal bone cells that are essential for dynamic bone remodelling. Foramen area increases with body size in parallel among living mammals and non-varanid reptiles, but is significantly larger in mammals. An index of blood flow rate through the foramina is about 10 times higher in mammals than in reptiles, and even higher if differences in blood pressure are considered. The scaling of foramen size correlates well with maximum whole-body metabolic rate during exercise in mammals and reptiles, but less well with resting metabolic rate. This relates to the role of blood flow associated with bone remodelling during and following activity. Mammals and varanid lizards have much higher aerobic metabolic rates and exercise-induced bone remodelling than non-varanid reptiles. Foramen areas of 10 species of dinosaur from five taxonomic groups are generally larger than from mammals, indicating a routinely highly active and aerobic lifestyle. The simple measurement holds possibilities offers the possibility of assessing other groups of extinct and living vertebrates in relation to body size, behaviour and habitat.