SELECTIVE BREEDING, CONGENIC STRAINS, AND OTHER CLASSICAL GENETIC APPROACHES TO THE ANALYSIS OF ALCOHOL-RELATED POLYGENIC PLEIOTROPISMS
SELECTIVE BREEDING, CONGENIC STRAINS, AND OTHER CLASSICAL GENETIC APPROACHES TO THE ANALYSIS OF ALCOHOL-RELATED POLYGENIC PLEIOTROPISMS
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DOI：
10.1007/bf01067423
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发表时间：
1993-03-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
UNDERWOOD, KA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
DUDEK, BC;UNDERWOOD, KA
小鼠对酒精的行为敏感性受相对较小的多基因系统控制。这些表型的遗传方式通常是加性的，没有显性、上位性或性连锁的证据。经典的育种方法，如选择，遗传相关性的评估的效用进行了审查。在这些多基因系统中的多效性和遗传相关性的统计概念之间进行了区分。同类菌株的发展被认为是一种强有力的替代方法，迄今为止未在酒精药物遗传学。使用由低剂量乙醇产生的行为激活的表型，我们描述了在C57 BL/6小鼠品系的非激活背景上产生激活的同源品系。通过五代重复回交，从遗传异质性股票，“激活”等位基因被成功地转移到C57 BL/6背景。本课程涵盖了在潜在的多基因系统中创造同源菌株的理论问题，包括有效位点的数量和遗传性。
Dimensions of behavioral sensitivities to alcohol in mice are under control of polygenic systems of relatively small size. The mode of inheritance of these phenotypes is frequently additive, with no evidence of dominance, epistasis, or sex linkage. The utility of classical breeding methodologies, such as selection, for assessment of genetic correlations is reviewed. A distinction is drawn between pleiotropisms in these polygenic systems, and the statistical concept of a genetic correlation. Development of congenic strains is argued to be a powerful alternative methodology, heretofore unused in alcohol pharmacogenetics. Using the phenotype of behavioral activation produced by a low dose of ethanol, we describe the production of an activated congenic strain on the non-activated background of the C57BL/6 mouse strain. Through five generations of repeated backcrossing, from a genetically heterogenous stock, ''activational'' alleles are being successfully transferred to the C57BL/6 background. Theoretical issues in the creation of congenic strains in potentially polygenic systems are covered, including number of effective loci and heritability.