Global competition and cooperation in the electronics industry: the case of X-ray equipment, 1900-1970
Global competition and cooperation in the electronics industry: the case of X-ray equipment, 1900-1970
复制标题
电子行业的全球竞争与合作：以 X 射线设备为例，1900-1970 年
DOI：
10.1080/03585522.2019.1583123
复制
发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
0.6
通讯作者：
Donze Pierre-Yves and Wubs Ben
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pierre Yves Donze;Raphael Imer;Donze Pierre-Yves and Wubs Ben
电子产业常被学者视为一个由无休止的技术创新和少数大公司之间的重大竞争驱动的部门的例子，从而体现了自由市场引导企业创新的共同观点。另一方面，一些商业历史学家也强调，自20世纪初以来，这些公司大多参与了各种国际卡特尔协议。关于这一行业的商业和经济史文献揭示了两次世界大战之间和战后时代之间的明确划分。然而，在本文中，我们认为，大型电子公司之间的技术和商业合作继续以各种形式，尽管1945年后的反垄断政策的蔓延。在本案例研究中，我们探讨了全球X射线设备行业从1900年左右开始到20世纪70年代初CT扫描仪的出现。本文重点介绍了西门子和飞利浦这两家最大的放射设备制造商。它表明，两家公司至少在1970年代之前一直在进行商业和技术合作，尽管这种合作不像两次世界大战之间的那些年那样公开。
The electronics industry is often regarded by scholars as an example of a sector driven by endless technological innovation and major competition between a few large companies, thus embodying the common view whereby the free market leads firms to innovate. On the other hand, some business historians have also emphasised that, since the beginning of the twentieth century, most of these companies were engaged in various international cartel agreements. The business and economic history literature on this industry reveals a clear-cut divide between the inter-war years and the post-war era. In this paper, however, we argue that technical and commercial cooperation between large electronics companies continued in various forms despite the spread of anti-trust policies after 1945. In this case study, we explore the global X-ray equipment industry from its beginnings around 1900 to the advent of the CT scanner in the early 1970s. The paper focuses on Siemens and Philips, the two largest manufacturers of radiological equipment. It demonstrates that both companies pursued their commercial and technical cooperation at least until the 1970s, although it was much less overt as during the interwar years.