Importance of forest fragments as pollinator habitat varies with season and guild
Importance of forest fragments as pollinator habitat varies with season and guild
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DOI：
10.1016/j.baae.2018.08.004
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发表时间：
2019-02-01
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Verheyen, Kris
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Proesmans, Willem;Bonte, Dries;Verheyen, Kris
西欧的大片地区被集约化管理的农地所覆盖。在这些景观中，野生传粉者依靠半自然栖息地的碎片来觅食或繁殖。小片森林往往是这些农业景观中最丰富的半自然栖息地类型。我们调查了这些斑块在集约化管理的农业景观中对传粉者群落的保护作用。我们对16个森林片断的传粉者群落的调查表明，小森林片断边缘的传粉者群落强烈地受到森林和森林边缘特征的影响。与现代森林或没有草本层的老森林相比，具有发达草本层的古老森林碎片具有更多的蜜蜂群落，但总体上活动丰度较低，而森林边缘的阳光照射对传粉者活动丰度总体上有很强的积极影响。飞蝇群落在花卉指数较高的森林边缘具有较高的活动丰度，而腐生飞蝇在周围森林覆盖率较高的地点被捕获的数量较多。我们还检测到了强烈的季节性效应。春季草本层覆盖对蜜蜂物种丰富度和活动丰度的影响明显大于夏季，而春季蜜蜂物种丰富度与林龄呈显著正相关。夏季郁闭后，传粉者物种丰富度与日照强度呈显著正相关。虽然采样林缘有丰富多样的传粉者群落，但空巢蜜蜂非常稀少。这可能是由于所研究的森林片断中的枯木数量较少所致。我们得出结论，小片森林片断在保护传粉者群落，特别是蜜蜂和腐生飞蝇方面发挥着重要作用。这些森林碎片的重要性在春季最强，此时草本层提供了觅食资源。(C)2018年Gesellschaft皮草Okologie。由Elsevier GmbH出版。版权所有。
Large areas of Western Europe are covered with intensively managed agricultural land. In these landscapes, wild pollinators depend on fragments of semi-natural habitat for foraging or reproduction. Small forest patches are often the most abundant type of semi-natural habitat in these agricultural landscapes. We investigated the role these patches play in conserving the pollinator community in intensively managed agricultural landscapes.Our survey of the pollinator community in 16 forest fragments showed that the pollinator community in the edges of small forest fragments is strongly influenced by forest and forest edge characteristics. Old forest fragments with a well-developed herb layer had more diverse bee communities than recent forests or old forests without a herb layer, but overall lower activity-abundances, while sun exposure of the forest edges had a strong positive effect on pollinator activity-abundance in general. The hoverfly community had higher activity-abundances in forest edges with a higher flower-index, while saproxylic hoverflies were caught in higher numbers in sites with a higher forest cover in the surrounding landscape.We also detected a strong seasonal effect. The effects of herb layer cover on bee species richness and activity-abundance were much stronger in spring than in summer, while bee species richness was also strongly positively correlated with forest age in spring. A strong positive correlation between pollinator species richness and sun exposure was found in summer, after canopy closure.While the sampled forest edges harbour a rich and diverse pollinator community, cavity-nesting bees were very scarce. This is probably caused by the low amount of dead wood in the studied forest fragments.We conclude that small forest fragments can play an important role in conserving the pollinator community, especially bees and saproxylic hoverflies. The importance of these forest fragments is strongest in spring, when the herb layer provides foraging resources. (C) 2018 Gesellschaft fur Okologie. Published by Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.