Peptidergic Clock Neurons in Drosophila: Ion Transport Peptide and Short Neuropeptide F in Subsets of Dorsal and Ventral Lateral Neurons
Peptidergic Clock Neurons in Drosophila: Ion Transport Peptide and Short Neuropeptide F in Subsets of Dorsal and Ventral Lateral Neurons
复制标题
DOI：
10.1002/cne.22099
复制
发表时间：
2009-09-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Nassel, Dick R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Johard, Helena A. D.;Yoishii, Taishi;Nassel, Dick R.
大约150个时钟神经元聚集在果蝇大脑的不同群体中。在这些时钟神经元中，一些色素分散因子（PDF）阳性和PDF阴性的外侧神经元（LN）是主要的振荡器，分别负责早上和晚上的活动。这些早晨和晚上振荡器中的神经递质的完整补充尚不清楚。通过筛选时钟神经元中的候选神经介质，我们在背侧（LN（d）s）和腹侧（s-LN（v）s）LN亚群中发现了离子转运肽（ITP）和短神经肽F（sNPF）作为新的神经肽。在6例LN（d）中，ITP见于1例同时表达长神经肽F（NPF）和隐花色素的LN（d）。我们在两个同时表达隐花色素的LN（d）中检测到sNPF;这些细胞与三个表达NPF的LN（d）不同。因此，我们已经在六个LN（d）中的五个中鉴定出了神经肽。三个LN（d）表达隐花色素，无论是ITP或sNPF，是唯一的额外的预测副髓质。在成人大脑中的5个s-LN（v）中，在第5个没有PDF的神经元中检测到ITP，在4个也表达PDF的神经元中检测到sNPF。通过使用胆碱乙酰转移酶（Cha）GaI 4，我们检测了Cha在两个产生sNPF的LN（d）和第五个s-LNv中的表达。在幼虫脑中，四种产生PDF的s-LN（v）中的两种共表达sNPF。我们的研究结果强调，LN（d）s是异质性的解剖结构和相对于神经肽，隐花色素和其他标记物的内容，并建议这些神经元的不同功能。J. Comp.神经元516：59-73，2009. (C)2009 Wiley-Liss，Inc.
About 150 clock neurons are clustered in different groups in the brain of Drosophila. Among these clock neurons, some pigment-dispersing factor (PDF)-positive and PDF-negative lateral neurons (LNs) are principal oscillators responsible for bouts of activity in the morning and evening, respectively. The full complement of neurotransmitters in these morning and evening oscillators is not known. By using a screen for candidate neuromediators in clock neurons, we discovered ion transport peptide (ITP) and short neuropeptide F (sNPF) as novel neuropeptides in subpopulations of dorsal (LN(d)s) and ventral (s-LN(v)s) LNs. Among the six LN(d)s, ITP was found in one that coexpresses long neuropeptide F (NPF) and cryptochrome. We detected sNPF in two LN(d)s that also express cryptochrome; these cells are distinct from three LN(d)s expressing NPF. Thus, we have identified neuropeptides in five of the six LN(d)s. The three LN(d)s expressing cryptochrome, with either ITP or sNPF, are the only ones with additional projections to the accessory medulla. Among the five s-LN(v)s in the adult brain, ITP was detected in the fifth neuron that is devoid of PDF and sNPF in the four neurons that also express PDF. By using a choline acetyltransferase (Cha) GaI4, we detected Cha expression in the two sNPF producing LN(d)s and in the fifth s-LNv. In the larval brain, two of the four PDF-producing s-LN(v)s coexpress sNPF. Our findings emphasize that the LN(d)s are heterogeneous both anatomically and with respect to content of neuropeptides, cryptochrome, and other markers and suggest diverse functions of these neurons. J. Comp. Neurol. 516:59-73, 2009. (C) 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.