Joint external evaluation of the International Health Regulation (2005) capacities: current status and lessons learnt in the WHO African region
Joint external evaluation of the International Health Regulation (2005) capacities: current status and lessons learnt in the WHO African region
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DOI：
10.1136/bmjgh-2018-001312
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发表时间：
2019-11-01
影响因子：
8.1
通讯作者：
Fall, Ibrahima Soce
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Talisuna, Ambrose;Yahaya, Ali Ahmed;Fall, Ibrahima Soce
《国际卫生条例》（2005年）是解决全球卫生安全问题的重要工具。在这里，我们报告了独立联合外部评估（JEE）中世卫组织非洲办事处的《国际卫生条例》能力。联合独立评估是《国际卫生条例》监测和评估框架的一个自愿组成部分。它在四大主题的19个技术领域评估《国际卫生条例》的能力：“预防”（7个技术领域，15项指标）;“检测”（4个技术领域，13项指标）;“应对”（5个技术领域，14项指标）;入境点（PoE）和其他《国际卫生条例》危害（化学和辐射）（3个技术领域，6项指标）。《国际卫生条例》能力评分从1级（无能力）到5级（可持续能力）。2016年2月至2019年3月，世卫组织非洲区域47个国家中的40个国家（覆盖率为81%）使用JEE工具评估了其《国际卫生条例》能力。没有一个国家具备所需的《国际卫生条例》能力。在“不平等”主题下，没有一个国家在15项指标中的12项指标上达到5级。其中80%以上的人在大多数指标上得分为1或2级。在“侦查”方面，13项指标中有12项没有一项达到5级。然而，许多人在几项指标上得分为3或4级。在“应对”方面，没有一个国家在14项指标中的13项指标上达到5级，不到10%的国家制定了国家多危害公共卫生应急准备和应对计划。对于PoE和其他《国际卫生条例》危害，大多数国家的评分为1或2级，没有国家的评分为5级。世卫组织非洲区域的国家因采用联合独立评估来评估其《国际卫生条例》能力而受到赞扬。然而，已经查明了主要的差距。现在需要采取紧急集体行动，保护世卫组织非洲区域免受卫生安全威胁。
The International Health Regulations (IHR, 2005) are an essential vehicle for addressing global health security. Here, we report the IHR capacities in the WHO African from independent joint external evaluation (JEE). The JEE is a voluntary component of the IHR monitoring and evaluation framework. It evaluates IHR capacities in 19 technical areas in four broad themes: `Prevent' (7 technical areas, 15 indicators); `Detect' (4 technical areas, 13 indicators); `Respond' (5 technical areas, 14 indicators), points of entry (PoE) and other IHR hazards (chemical and radiation) (3 technical areas, 6 indicators). The IHR capacity scores are graded from level 1 (no capacity) to level 5 (sustainable capacity). From February 2016 to March 2019, 40 of 47 WHO African region countries (81% coverage) evaluated their IHR capacities using the JEE tool. No country had the required IHR capacities. Under the theme `Prevent', no country scored level 5 for 12 of 15 indicators. Over 80% of them scored level 1 or 2 for most indicators. For `Detect', none scored level 5 for 12 of 13 indicators. However, many scored level 3 or 4 for several indicators. For `Respond', none scored level 5 for 13 of 14 indicators, and less than 10% had a national multihazard public health emergency preparedness and response plan. For PoE and other IHR hazards, most countries scored level 1 or 2 and none scored level 5. Countries in the WHO African region are commended for embracing the JEE to assess their IHR capacities. However, major gaps have been identified. Urgent collective action is needed now to protect the WHO African region from health security threats.