Impacts of nitrogen fertilizer on major insect pests and their predators in transgenic Bt rice lines T2A‐1 and T1C‐19
Impacts of nitrogen fertilizer on major insect pests and their predators in transgenic Bt rice lines T2A‐1 and T1C‐19
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DOI：
10.1111/eea.12479
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发表时间：
2016-08
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Yajun Yang;Kai Liu;Hailiang Han;Hong-xing Xu;Facheng Zhang;Xu-song Zheng;Junce Tian;Guiyue Wang;Guihua Chen;Zhongxian Lu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Yajun Yang;Kai Liu;Hailiang Han;Hong-xing Xu;Facheng Zhang;Xu-song Zheng;Junce Tian;Guiyue Wang;Guihua Chen;Zhongxian Lu
氮是植物发育的关键因子，氮素投入是提高作物发育和产量的重要策略之一。然而，氮素的投入对昆虫的发生有积极或消极的影响。氮也是构成杀虫晶体（Cry）蛋白的主要元素之一。Cry蛋白的产生会影响Bt植株的氮素分配，从而影响转Bt水稻（Oryza sativa L.）的病虫害防治。为了验证这一可能性，我们在分别表达Cry2A和Cry1C的两个Bt水稻品系T2A‐1和T1C‐19及其非转基因亲本MH63上，评估了氮肥制度对主要害虫及其捕食者的影响。结果表明，不同氮肥制度下的Cry蛋白对水稻叶黄病稻纵卷叶螟（Cnaphalocrocis medinalis guen<s:1> e）均有足够的杀虫活性。室内研究表明，Bt和MH63水稻系氮素输入对褐飞虱（Nilaparvata lugens (stamatl)）的生态适宜度相关参数均有显著影响。不同水稻品种间褐飞虱的若虫存活率、雌成虫寿命和卵孵化率差异显著。稻田试验也表明，Bt水稻上氮素与N. lugens丰度呈正相关，与MH63水稻相似。两种捕食者——狼蛛（Boesenberg & Strand）（蜘蛛目：Lycosidae）和盲蝽（半翅目：Miridae）的丰度受水稻生育期的显著影响，而不受氮素输入和水稻品种的影响。综上所述，上述结果表明，Bt水稻（T2A‐1和T1C‐19）和非Bt水稻（MH63）的高氮处理不能促进害虫的管理。
Nitrogen is a critical factor for plant development and nitrogen input is one of the important tactics to enhance the development and yield of crops. Nevertheless, nitrogen input could influence the occurrence of insects positively or negatively. Nitrogen is also one of the main elements composing the insecticidal crystal (Cry) protein. Cry protein production could affect nitrogen partitioning in Bt plants and as such nitrogen input may influence insect pest management in transgenic Bt rice, Oryza sativa L. (Poaceae). To test this possibility, we evaluated the impacts of nitrogen regimes on the main insect pests and their predators on two Bt rice lines, T2A‐1 and T1C‐19, expressing Cry2A and Cry1C, respectively, and their non‐transgenic parental counterpart MH63. The results showed that Cry proteins with different nitrogen regimes have enough insecticidal activity on rice leaffolder, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis Guenée (Lepidoptera: Crambidae), in both laboratory and field experiments. Laboratory studies indicated that relevant parameters of ecological fitness in brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae), a non‐target insect pest, were significantly affected by nitrogen input both on Bt and MH63 rice lines. Nymphal survival, female adult longevity, and egg hatchability in N. lugens differed significantly among rice varieties. The experiments conducted in rice fields also demonstrated that nitrogen was positively correlated with the abundance of N. lugens on Bt rice, similar to that on MH63 rice. The abundances of two predators – the wolf spider Pirata subpiraticus (Boesenberg & Strand) (Araneae: Lycosidae) and the bug Cyrthorhinus lividipennis Reuter (Hemiptera: Miridae) – were significantly affected by rice growth stages but not by nitrogen input and rice varieties. In conclusion, the above results indicate that high nitrogen regimes for Bt rice (T2A‐1 and T1C‐19) and non‐Bt rice (MH63) cannot facilitate the management of insect pests.