The New Digital Borders of Europe
The New Digital Borders of Europe
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欧洲新的数字边界
DOI：
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Dennis Broeders
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dennis Broeders
本文分析了欧盟三个移民数据库的发展及其对非正常移民内部控制的意义。由于单靠边界和移民政策无法阻止非正常移徙，许多国家政府转而对定居的非正常移徙者实行国内移徙控制。对这一群体进行监视的目的是将他们排除在主要社会机构之外，阻止他们留在当地，并最终将被捕的非正常移徙者驱逐出境。在这些政策中，身份不正常移徙者的识别至关重要。在这个时代，登记和身份识别意味着计算机化和网络化的数据库。欧盟成员国目前正在建立（非正常）移民领域的数据库网络。申根信息系统（二）、欧洲移民局数据库和签证信息系统是庞大的数据库，往往包括生物鉴别数据，目的是控制移民流动，识别和分类法律的和非正常移民。这些系统能够根据移徙历史的数字痕迹“重新识别”部分非正常移徙者。有人认为，数字基础设施现在正在发展成为一个强大的工具，用于监视欧洲的非正常移民。
This article analyses the development of three EU migration databases and their significance for the internal control of irregular migrants. Because borders and immigration policy alone cannot stop irregular migration, many governments turn to internal migration control on settled irregular migrants. Surveillance of this group is aimed at their exclusion from key societal institutions, discouraging their stay and ultimately, the deportation of apprehended irregular migrants. These are policies in which identification of irregular migrants is crucial. In this age, registration and identification mean computerized and networked databases. The member states of the EU are currently developing a network of databases in the field of (irregular) immigration. The Schengen Information System (II), the Eurodac database and the Visa Information System are vast databases, often including biometric data, aimed at controlling migration flows and identifying and sorting legal and irregular migrants. These systems are able to ‘re-identify’ parts of the population of irregular migrants on the basis of digital traces of their migration history. It is argued that the digital infrastructure that is now growing past its infancy is developing into a formidable tool for the surveillance of irregular migrants in Europe.