THE SIMULTANEOUS RISE AND FALL OF FREE AND PAID NEWSPAPERS IN EUROPE
THE SIMULTANEOUS RISE AND FALL OF FREE AND PAID NEWSPAPERS IN EUROPE
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欧洲免费和付费报纸的同步兴衰
DOI：
10.1080/17512780802281164
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发表时间：
2008
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
P. Bakker
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Bakker
1995 年至 2006 年间，欧洲付费日报的发行量减少了 1400 万份。同期免费日报的发行量增加了 2800 万份以上。本文描绘了欧洲付费和免费发行报纸的发展。然后分析这两种发展之间的关系，以评估免费报纸是否会取代付费日报。该研究重点对所有拥有大量免费报纸市场份额的欧洲市场以及免费报纸推出前后的付费发行量进行了比较。来自没有免费报纸的国家的数据用于评估没有免费报纸的市场受到的影响。然而，替代似乎是温和的。免费日报的兴起可以更好地用经济因素来解释，而付费发行量的下降可能与新一代的其他（媒体）替代品的可用性有关。
Paid dailies in Europe have seen their circulation decline by 14 million between 1995 and 2006. During the same period circulation of free daily newspapers has increased by more than 28 million. This article maps the development of paid and free circulation newspapers in Europe. It then analyses the relation between the two developments to assess whether free newspapers are substituted for paid dailies. The study focuses on all European markets with substantial market shares of free dailies and paid circulation before and after the introduction of free papers is compared. Data from countries without free papers are used to assess how markets without free dailies are affected. Substitution, however, seems to be moderate. The rise of free dailies is better explained by economic factors while the decline of paid circulation is probably related to the availability of other (media) alternatives for new generations.