Indonesian Peatland Functions: Initiated Peatland Restoration and Responsible Management of Peatland for the Benefit of Local Community, Case Study in Riau and West Kalimantan Provinces
Indonesian Peatland Functions: Initiated Peatland Restoration and Responsible Management of Peatland for the Benefit of Local Community, Case Study in Riau and West Kalimantan Provinces
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DOI：
10.1007/978-981-10-8881-0_6
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Gunawan, Haris
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作者：
Gunawan, Haris
印度尼西亚泥炭沼泽森林生态系统提供各种环境服务，在当地、国家和全球都很重要。然而，由于土地日益稀缺，将其用于农业的压力越来越大。本章重点介绍廖内省和西加里曼丹省的一个案例研究，通过财务分析和经济评估的例子，讨论泥炭地的社会经济和环境价值，并根据实地调查数据进行讨论。研究表明，通过保护泥炭沼泽林转化为油棕种植园的CO2减排机会成本为3.7 ~ 8.25美元/t CO（2）e，远高于当前登记的减排补偿价格。机会成本高于碳市场价格，目前还没有碳市场，特别是对于泥炭森林保护。本章以案例研究为出发点，阐明了哪些模式是可行的，并呼吁采取紧急发展战略，为土地所有者建立可行的碳市场以外的补偿替代方案。泥炭养护措施意味着高的机会成本，但本土和适应性植物显示出经济前景，以帮助进一步发展市场，沼泽地养殖技术，管理方案，以回湿泥炭地。
Indonesian peat swamp forest ecosystems provide various environmental services, which are important locally, nationally, and globally. However, due to increasing land scarcity, the pressure to utilize them for agriculture is increasing. This chapter focuses on a case study in Riau and West Kalimantan to discuss the socioeconomic and environmental values of peatland through examples of financial analysis and economic valuation and discussion based on fieldwork data. It shows that the opportunity cost of CO2 emission reductions by conserving peat swamp forests from conversion to oil palm plantation ranged from USD $3.7 to 8.25/t CO(2)e, which is far higher than the current registered emission reduction compensation price. Opportunity costs are higher than the carbon market price, and a carbon market is not available currently, especially for peat forest conservation. This chapter clarifies what models are viable taking the case study as a point of departure and calls for urgent development strategies to establish viable compensation alternatives to landholders beyond the carbon market. Peat conservation measures imply high opportunity costs, however indigenous and adaptive plants show economic promise to help further develop markets, paludiculture techniques, and management options to rewet peatlands.