Folding for the Synapse
Folding for the Synapse
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DOI：
10.1007/978-1-4419-7061-9_6
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发表时间：
2011
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影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Stephenson F
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作者：
Stephenson F
线粒体在细胞中运输以满足局部对能量和缓冲Ca2+离子的需求。在神经元中，线粒体到特定位点的受调节的运输对于满足神经传递和ATP依赖性分子伴侣机制的要求特别重要。线粒体的异常分布是某些神经退行性疾病的特征。线粒体利用分子马达驱动蛋白和动力蛋白沿沿着微管顺行和逆行运输。连接线粒体和马达的特异性衔接蛋白最近被鉴定出来。本章将总结这些新的研究，导致这些适配器蛋白的鉴定，线粒体受体的适配器和锚定机制，确保逮捕线粒体在所需的网站的识别。还讨论了调节线粒体贩运的信号传导机制，这些机制在确定了这个细胞器的运输中的主要参与者之后开始被解开。
Mitochondria are transported in cells to meet local demands for energy and for the buffering of Ca2+ions. In neurones, the regulated trafficking of mitochondria to specific sites is particularly important to satisfy the requirements demanded by neurotransmission and ATP-dependent molecular chaperone machineries. Aberrant distribution of mitochondria is a feature of certain neurodegenerative diseases. Mitochondria are transported in anterograde and retrograde directions along microtubules using the molecular motors kinesin and dynein. Specific adaptor proteins which link the mitochondria to the motors have recently been identified. This chapter will summarize these new studies which resulted in the identification of these adaptor proteins, the identification of mitochondrial acceptors for the adaptors and anchoring mechanisms that ensure the arrest of mitochondria at required sites. Also discussed are the signalling mechanisms that regulate mitochondrial trafficking which are now beginning to be unravelled following the identification of the major players in the transport of this organelle.