Protein O- and C-Glycosylation pathways in Toxoplasma gondii and Plasmodium falciparum
Protein O- and C-Glycosylation pathways in Toxoplasma gondii and Plasmodium falciparum
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DOI：
10.1017/s0031182019000040
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发表时间：
2019-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Routier, Francoise H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bandini, Giulia;Albuquerque-Wendt, Andreia;Routier, Francoise H.
顶复门寄生虫是世界范围内最普遍和致病的病原体之一。它们是人类和牲畜严重疾病的罪魁祸首，因此具有重大的公共卫生和经济重要性。直到本世纪初顶复门基因组测序，N-和O-糖蛋白在这些寄生虫中的出现备受争议。由于谱系特异性基因丢失而导致的基本和发散N-聚糖的合成现已得到充分确立，最近已进行了综述。在这里，我们将集中在最近的研究，澄清经典的O-糖基化途径和描述新的核胞浆糖基化的弓形虫，弓形虫病的病原体。我们还将审查糖基化的蛋白质含有血小板反应蛋白1型重复的O-岩藻糖基化和C-甘露糖基化，新发现的弓形虫和恶性疟原虫。这些翻译后修饰的功能意义才开始出现，但证据指向这些蛋白质糖基化途径在组织囊壁刚性和在宿主中的持久性，氧传感和参与宿主入侵的蛋白质的稳定性中的作用。
Apicomplexan parasites are amongst the most prevalent and morbidity-causing pathogens worldwide. They are responsible for severe diseases in humans and livestock and are thus of great public health and economic importance. Until the sequencing of apicomplexan genomes at the beginning of this century, the occurrence of N- and O-glycoproteins in these parasites was much debated. The synthesis of rudimentary and divergent N-glycans due to lineage-specific gene loss is now well established and has been recently reviewed. Here, we will focus on recent studies that clarified classical O-glycosylation pathways and described new nucleocytosolic glycosylations in Toxoplasma gondii, the causative agents of toxoplasmosis. We will also review the glycosylation of proteins containing thrombospondin type 1 repeats by O-fucosylation and C-mannosylation, newly discovered in Toxoplasma and the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. The functional significance of these post-translational modifications has only started to emerge, but the evidence points towards roles for these protein glycosylation pathways in tissue cyst wall rigidity and persistence in the host, oxygen sensing, and stability of proteins involved in host invasion.