The nature and significance of invertebrate cartilages revisited: distribution and histology of cartilage and cartilage-like tissues within the Metazoa
The nature and significance of invertebrate cartilages revisited: distribution and histology of cartilage and cartilage-like tissues within the Metazoa
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DOI：
10.1016/j.zool.2004.05.001
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发表时间：
2004-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Hall, BK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cole, AG;Hall, BK
类似于脊椎动物软骨的组织在后生动物中被描述过。通常，在非脊椎动物谱系中，将组织指定为软骨是基于稀少的支持数据。要被认为是软骨，一个组织应该符合一些组织学标准，包括细胞外基质的组成和组织。为了重新评估这些组织的分布和结构特性，我们从新鲜材料中重新研究了许多这些组织的组织特性，并回顾了现有的关于无脊椎动物软骨的文献。软骨样结缔组织在无脊椎动物中很常见，在构成它的细胞的结构和组织上与无脊椎动物软骨不同。具有广泛软骨结缔组织的类群包括腕足类、多毛类和尾索类。软骨存在于头足类软体动物、螯状节肢动物和剑尾类多毛类动物中。在半角虫体内发现的骨骼组织是独一无二的，因为细胞外基质具有脊椎动物软骨的许多特性，但这些组织完全是无细胞的。讨论了该组织可能代表一种新的软骨类型--脱细胞软骨的可能性。一些无脊椎动物软骨与识别脊椎骨特异性分子的抗体的免疫反应性表明，脊椎动物软骨和骨之间存在中间表型。虽然软骨在许多无脊椎动物谱系中被发现，但我们发现并不是所有以前报道的软骨组织都具有适当的特性来证明它们是软骨。(C)2004年爱思唯尔股份有限公司。版权所有。
Tissues similar to vertebrate cartilage have been described throughout the Metazoa. Often the designation of tissues as cartilage within non-vertebrate lineages is based upon sparse supporting data. To be considered cartilage, a tissue should meet a number of histological criteria that include composition and organization of the extracellular matrix. To re-evaluate the distribution and structural properties of these tissues, we have re-investigated the histological properties of many of these tissues from fresh material, and review the existing literature on invertebrate cartilages. Chondroid connective tissue is common amongst invertebrates, and differs from invertebrate cartilage in the structure and organization of the cells that comprise it. Groups having extensive chondroid connective tissue include brachiopods, polychaetes, and urochordates. Cartilage is found within cephalopod mollusks, chelicerate arthropods and sabellid polychaetes. Skeletal tissues found within enteropneust hemichordates are unique in that the extracellular matrix shares many properties with vertebrate cartilage, yet these tissues are completely acellular. The possibility that this tissue may represent a new category of cartilage, acellular cartilage, is discussed. Immunoreactivity of some invertebrate cartilages with antibodies that recognize molecules specific to vertebrate bone suggests an intermediate phenotype between vertebrate cartilage and bone. Although cartilage is found within a number of invertebrate lineages, we find that not all tissues previously reported to be cartilage have the appropriate properties to merit their distinction as cartilage. (C) 2004 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.