Do low-skilled workers gain from high-tech employment growth? High-technology multipliers, employment and wages in Britain
Do low-skilled workers gain from high-tech employment growth? High-technology multipliers, employment and wages in Britain
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DOI：
10.1016/j.respol.2019.05.012
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发表时间：
2019-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
7.2
通讯作者：
Clarke, Stephen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lee, Neil;Clarke, Stephen
低技能工人是否从当地经济高科技产业的增长中受益？政策制定者投入大量资源来吸引和发展创新型高科技产业，但关于利益分配的证据相对较少。本文利用 2009 年至 2015 年英国当地劳动力市场的数据，调查了高科技增长对中低技能工人的劳动力市场影响。它表明，高科技产业——无论是 STEM 密集型“高科技”还是数字经济——具有正的就业乘数，每 10 个新的高科技就业岗位创造约 7 个当地非贸易服务业就业岗位，其中约 6 个就业岗位流向了低技能工人。中等技能工人的就业率没有增加，但他们受益于更高的工资。然而，虽然低技能工人从较高的就业率中获益，但这些工作往往是报酬微薄的服务性工作，因此平均工资下降，特别是考虑到住房成本增加时。
Do low-skilled workers benefit from the growth of high-technology industries in their local economy? Policymakers invest considerable resources in attracting and developing innovative, high-tech industries, but there is relatively little evidence on the distribution of the benefits. This paper investigates the labour market impact of high-tech growth on low and mid-skilled workers, using data on UK local labour markets from 2009-2015. It shows that high-tech industries - either STEM-intensive 'high-tech' or digital economy - have a positive jobs multiplier, with each 10 new high-tech jobs creating around 7 local non-tradeable service jobs, around 6 of which go to low-skilled workers. Employment rates for mid-skilled workers do not increase, but they benefit from higher wages. Yet while low-skilled workers gain from higher employment rates, the jobs are often poorly paid service work, so average wages fall, particularly when increased housing costs are considered.