Laboratory Evaluation of the Thermal Breakout Method for Maximum Horizontal Stress Measurement
Laboratory Evaluation of the Thermal Breakout Method for Maximum Horizontal Stress Measurement
复制标题
最大水平应力测量热断裂法的实验室评估
DOI：
10.1007/s00603-021-02617-6
复制
发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Wang, Herbert
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Trzeciak, Maciej;Sone, Hiroki;Voegeli, Samuel;Bate, Charlotte E.;Wang, Herbert
地应力测量在许多地质力学问题中是必不可少的，而最大水平应力是最难约束的。我们正在开发一种漏斗方法的扩展，以测量不发生自然漏斗的地区的最大水平应力。在新的热爆破法中，通过加热井壁来产生额外的压力，从而导致爆破带的发展。在本研究中，我们在真三轴装置上对预钻孔的样品进行了实验验证。选择了两种岩石进行实验室测试：高孔隙度的贝里亚砂岩和低孔隙度的尼亚加拉白云岩。在主要的真三轴试验之前，我们进行了标准试验，以表征其强度、弹性和热性能。真三轴试验包括：(1)室温试验，其中首先对样品进行机械加载，直到形成漏斗；(2)高温试验，将样品在弹性范围内进行机械加载，并通过热诱导额外的压缩。通过安装在施加水平应力的活塞上的声发射传感器来监测突破口的启动。根据井壁周围的温度测量计算了诱发热应力的大小。在这两种岩石类型中，我们创建了热致崩塌，并检查了基于岩石的强度、弹性和热属性来约束最大水平应力的解析表达式。
Measuring in situ stress is essential for many problems in geomechanics, and the maximum horizontal stress is the most difficult to constrain. We are developing an extension of the breakout method to measure maximum horizontal stress in regions where natural breakouts do not occur. In the novel thermal breakout method, additional compression which leads to breakout development is induced by heating the borehole wall. In the present study, we validated the method experimentally in a true-triaxial apparatus on samples with predrilled boreholes. Two rocks were selected for laboratory testing: high-porosity Berea sandstone and low-porosity Niagaran dolomite. Prior to main true-triaxial tests, we carried out standard testing to characterize the strength, elasticity and thermal properties. The true-triaxial experiments consisted of: (1) room-temperature tests where samples were first loaded mechanically until the breakout formed, and (2) elevated-temperature tests where samples were loaded mechanically within the elastic range with additional compression induced thermally. Breakout initiation was monitored by acoustic emission sensors mounted on the pistons that applied horizontal stresses. The magnitude of induced thermal stress was calculated from temperature measurements around the borehole wall. In both rock types, we created thermally induced breakouts and examined analytical expressions to constrain maximum horizontal stress based on strength, elastic and thermal properties of the rocks.
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作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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