Hydrodynamic performance of a newly-designed Antarctic krill trawl using numerical simulation and physical modeling methods
Hydrodynamic performance of a newly-designed Antarctic krill trawl using numerical simulation and physical modeling methods
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.oceaneng.2019.03.022
复制
发表时间：
2019-05
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
R. Wan;Mingxiu Jia;Qinglong Guan;Liu-yi Huang;Hui Cheng;F. Zhao;P. He;F. Hu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Wan;Mingxiu Jia;Qinglong Guan;Liu-yi Huang;Hui Cheng;F. Zhao;P. He;F. Hu
南极磷虾（Euphausia superba）是世界上最丰富的经济物种之一，仍有很大的开发利用潜力。然而，非常重要的是，在效率和选择性方面以可持续的方式利用资源，这可以通过适当设计捕捞鱼种的远洋拖网来提高。远洋拖网在很大程度上依赖作用在网上的水动力来形成理想的形状。因此，了解作用在拖网上的水动力以预测其性能至关重要。为2855 kW渔船设计了网口周长为200 m的大型南极磷虾拖网，并进行了数值模拟和物理模型试验分析。基于有限元法建立了南极磷虾拖网的数值模型。应用最小势能原理确定了均匀流中拖网的平衡构形和张力分布。采用Newton-Raphson法求解平衡方程。为验证数值模拟结果，在水槽中进行了一系列物理模型试验。结果表明，网口周长为200 m的拖网具有较好的上级水动力性能，可与同级别渔船配套使用，实现南极磷虾的高效生产。本文论述了采用科学的方法设计大型南极磷虾拖网，并应用数值模拟研究其水动力性能。
Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) is one of the most abundant commercial species in the world and still has great potential for further development and utilization. It is, however, very important that the resource is utilized in a sustainable manner in terms of efficiency and selectivity, which can be enhanced through proper design of pelagic trawls that are used for harvesting the species. Pelagic trawls rely heavily on hydrodynamic forces acting on the netting to form desirable shapes. It is thus crucial to understand hydrodynamic forces acting on the trawl to predict its performance. A large Antarctic krill trawl with a net opening circumference of 200 m was designed for a fishing vessel (2855 kW) and analyzed by numerical simulation and physical model tests. A numerical model of Antarctic krill trawl was established based on the finite element method. The principle of minimum potential energy was employed to determine the equilibrium configuration and the tension distribution of the trawl in a uniform current. The Newton–Raphson method was applied to solve the equilibrium equation. A series of physical model tests were conducted in a flume tank to verify the result from numerical simulation. The results showed that the trawl with a net opening circumference of 200 m had superior hydrodynamic performance and could be well matched with fishing vessels of the class for the efficient production of Antarctic krill. This paper demonstrates the use of scientific methods for the design of large Antarctic krill trawls and the application of numerical simulation to study the hydrodynamic performance.