Antioxidant and Cell-Signaling Functions of Hydrogen Sulfide in the Central Nervous System.

Antioxidant and Cell-Signaling Functions of Hydrogen Sulfide in the Central Nervous System.
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DOI:
10.1155/2018/1873962
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发表时间:
2018
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Jung J
Jung J
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Shefa U;Kim MS;Jeong NY;Jung J

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硫化氢 (H2S) 是一种有毒气体分子,在调节体内平衡和细胞信号传导方面发挥着生理作用。 H2S 由半胱氨酸通过酶产生,例如胱硫醚 β-合酶 (CBS)、胱硫醚 γ-裂解酶 (CSE)、半胱氨酸转氨酶 (CAT) 和 3-巯基丙酮酸硫转移酶 (3MST)。这些酶调节体内 H2S 的总体产生。 H2S 在中枢神经系统中具有细胞信号传导功能,在对抗体内活性氧 (ROS) 和活性氮 (RNS) 等氧化物质方面发挥着重要作用。 H2S 对于维持抗氧化剂的平衡量以保护身体免受氧化应激至关重要,尤其是保护中枢神经系统需要适量的 H2S。身体调节中枢神经系统中的 CBS、3MST 和 CSE 水平,这些酶的水平较高或较低会导致各种神经退行性疾病。这篇综述讨论了 H2S 如何通过充当抗氧化剂来减少过量的 ROS 和 RNS,从而保护 CNS。此外,H2S 还可调节细胞信号传导,对抗神经炎症并预防中枢神经退行性疾病,如阿尔茨海默病 (AD)、帕金森病 (PD)、亨廷顿病 (HD) 和肌萎缩侧索硬化症 (ALS)。
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a toxic gaseous molecule, plays a physiological role in regulating homeostasis and cell signaling. H2S is produced from cysteine by enzymes, such as cystathionine β-synthase (CBS), cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE), cysteine aminotransferase (CAT), and 3-mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (3MST). These enzymes regulate the overall production of H2S in the body. H2S has a cell-signaling function in the CNS and plays important roles in combating oxidative species such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) in the body. H2S is crucial for maintaining balanced amounts of antioxidants to protect the body from oxidative stress, and appropriate amounts of H2S are required to protect the CNS in particular. The body regulates CBS, 3MST, and CSE levels in the CNS, and higher or lower levels of these enzymes cause various neurodegenerative diseases. This review discusses how H2S protects the CNS by acting as an antioxidant that reduces excessive amounts of ROS and RNS. Additionally, H2S regulates cell signaling to combat neuroinflammation and protect against central neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS).
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