Strategic Latency Reduction in Blockchain Peer-to-Peer Networks

Strategic Latency Reduction in Blockchain Peer-to-Peer Networks
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区块链点对点网络中的战略延迟减少

DOI:
10.1145/3589976
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发表时间:
2023
期刊:
Proceedings of the ACM on Measurement and Analysis of Computing Systems
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Juels, Ari
Juels, Ari
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Tang, Weizhao;Kiffer, Lucianna;Fanti, Giulia;Juels, Ari

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大多数无需许可的区块链网络都在点对点(P2P)网络上运行,该网络提供灵活性和去中心化,但以牺牲性能(例如网络延迟)为代价。从历史上看,这种权衡并不是大多数区块链的瓶颈。然而,新兴的基于区块链的应用程序(例如去中心化金融)对延迟越来越敏感;相对于其他用户而言,能够减少网络延迟的用户可以获得(有时是显着的)经济收益。在这项工作中,我们启动了区块链 P2P 网络中战略延迟减少的研究。我们首先定义区块链应用程序中感兴趣的两类延迟。然后,我们凭经验证明,仅控制本地对等决策的战略代理可以操纵这两种类型的延迟,实现集中式付费服务 bloXroute 提供的全局延迟增益的 60%,或者在目标场景中,实现类似的增益。最后,我们表明我们的结果并不是由于现有 P2P 网络的设计不当造成的。在简单的网络模型下,我们从理论上证明,只要网络经历足够的对等流失和交易活动,对手总是可以操纵 P2P 网络的延迟来为自己谋利。
Most permissionless blockchain networks run on peer-to-peer (P2P) networks, which offer flexibility and decentralization at the expense of performance (e.g., network latency). Historically, this tradeoff has not been a bottleneck for most blockchains. However, an emerging host of blockchain-based applications (e.g., decentralized finance) are increasingly sensitive to latency; users who can reduce their network latency relative to other users can accrue (sometimes significant) financial gains.In this work, we initiate the study of strategic latency reduction in blockchain P2P networks. We first define two classes of latency that are of interest in blockchain applications. We then show empirically that a strategic agent who controls only their local peering decisions can manipulate both types of latency, achieving 60% of the global latency gains provided by the centralized, paid service bloXroute, or, in targeted scenarios, comparable gains. Finally, we show that our results are not due to the poor design of existing P2P networks. Under a simple network model, we theoretically prove that an adversary can always manipulate the P2P network's latency to their advantage, provided the network experiences sufficient peer churn and transaction activity.
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