Signal detection theory applied to three visual search tasks - identification, yes/no detection and localization
Signal detection theory applied to three visual search tasks - identification, yes/no detection and localization
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DOI：
10.1163/1568568041920212
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发表时间：
2004-01-01
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Carrasco, M
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文献类型：
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作者：
Cameron, EL;Tai, JC;Carrasco, M
在显示器上添加干扰物会损害视觉任务的性能（即集合大小效应）。在保持显示特性不变的同时，我们在三个任务中研究了这种效果：2个目标识别，2个目标的是非检测和8个备选定位。一个信号检测理论（SDT）模型，为每个任务量身定制，占识别和定位任务中观察到的集大小的影响，并稍微低估了检测任务中的集大小的影响。鉴于敏感度随空间频率（SF）的变化而变化，我们在中性和外周预处理条件下测量了这三项任务中每项任务的性能，其中每项任务的空间频率为6个（0.5-12 cpd）。对于所有的空间频率测试，性能上的三个任务的设置大小增加的中性precue条件下，和周边precue减少的效果。较大的setsize效应，观察到在低SF的识别和定位任务。这种效果可以用SDT模型来描述，但不能用它来预测。对于这些任务中的每一个，我们还建立了内隐注意在一定范围内调节集合大小的表现的程度。一个外围的precue大大减少了集大小的影响和提高性能，即使在集大小为1。这些结果为干扰排除提供了支持，并表明信号增强也可能是内隐注意施加其效应的一种机制。
Adding distracters to a display impairs performance on visual tasks (i.e. the set-size effect). While keeping the display characteristics constant, we investigated this effect in three tasks: 2 target identification, yes-no detection with 2 targets, and 8-alternative localization. A Signal Detection Theory (SDT) model, tailored for each task, accounts for the set-size effects observed in identification and localization tasks, and slightly under-predicts the set-size effect in a detection task. Given that sensitivity varies as a function of spatial frequency (SF), we measured performance in each of these three tasks in neutral and peripheral precue conditions for each of six spatial frequencies (0.5-12 cpd). For all spatial frequencies tested, performance on the three tasks decreased as set size increased in the neutral precue condition, and the peripheral precue reduced the effect. Larger setsize effects were observed at low SFs in the identification and localization tasks. This effect can be described using the SDT model, but was not predicted by it. For each of these tasks we also established the extent to which covert attention modulates performance across a range of set sizes. A peripheral precue substantially diminished the set-size effect and improved performance, even at set size 1. These results provide support for distracter exclusion, and suggest that signal enhancement may also be a mechanism by which covert attention can impose its effect.